Sunday, May 13, 2012
1. GOSPEL - including Creation and Christianity
CREATION-VS-EVOLUTION
CREATION-VS-EVOLUTION
TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGES
Foreword - Why was this book written? F1 - F4
Introduction - Definition of Terms, Chapter
Contents I-1 - I-3
Chapter 1 - What Is Truth? 1-1
- 1-4
Chapter 2 - Creation, Origin Of The Earth 2-2 - 2-9
Chapter 3 - Pre-mortal Existence, The Big
Picture 3-1 - 3-3
Chapter 4 - How Old Is The Earth? 4-1 - 4-4
Chapter 5 - Principles Compared,
Creation-vs-Evolution 5-1
- 5-3
Chapter 6 - Creation Questions And Answers 6-1 - 6-2
Chapter 7 - Statements by LDS Leaders, and
The Missing Links 7-1
- 7-6
Chapter 8 - Evidences Ignored 8-1
- 8-13
Chapter 9 - Christian Scientists Testify 9-1 - 9-17
Chapter 10 - LDS Christian Scientists
Testify 10-1 - 10-6
APPENDIX:
List of Creationist Books A-1
- 2
About the Author A-3
FIGURES
1.
Diagram of True-False Conflict 1-1
2.
Diagram of Facsimile Stone #2 2-3
3.
Diagram of Space-Gear Concept 2-4
4.
Diagram of A Spiral Galaxy 2-5
5.
Copy of Andromeda Galaxy Photo 2-6
6.
Copy of Photo Mosaic of Galaxies 2-8
7.
Diagram of Plan of Salvation 3-3
8.
Diagram of Creation Sequence 4-1
9.
Diagram of Mortality Sequence 4-3
10. The Missing
Links 7-3
11. Fossil Footprints
of Dinosaurs With Man 9-2
12. Diagram of
Geologic Time Table 9-9
FOREWORD
Why
was this book written? Because many Latter-day Saints believe the false theory
of
Evolution out of ignorance.
They have not studied their own
scriptures. In addition, most are not aware of the tremendous wealth of
scientific evidence and testimony of the Creation.
This
book doesn’t disclose any grand new discoveries, either scientific or
religious. It merely pulls together into one convenient place some of the most
obvious scriptural truths and known scientific evidences. However
to the person who encounters these truths for the first time, it will seem
like a grand new discovery, much like the first dawning of spiritual testimony.
Since
so many good books have been written already on this subject, by highly
qualified authors, why write another one? Because, in this author’s opinion:
1. The
majority of people are not aware of those books already available, and need to
be reminded that exciting answers do exist to their science-vs-religion
questions (see Appendix).
2. There
is a need to provide a hard-hitting summary of the key points from these
authors.
3.
It seems
appropriate to present a different approach that will really grab the attention
of the LDS reader, and challenge him to find the truth for himself, by the Holy
Spirit.
Following
is a partial list of many of the dramatic evidences collected in this book:
1.
The so-called
Geologic Time Table is founded on only three baseline radiogenic dates, none of
which can be determined reliably! The primary date has a 100% margin of error!
2.
From that
Geologic Time Table, all other ages and proposed time periods have been
interpolated, from the relative thicknesses and sequences of strata, based on
their fossil contents.
3.
There is no place
on earth where all of the Geologic Time Table strata are found together in
sequence.
4.
There is no
fossil record of any intermediate stages representing changes between different
life forms on earth.
5.
In numerous
places on earth, simple life forms (supposedly Older) are found deposited
conformably on top of more complex life forms (supposedly younger), which is
geologically impossible. Also, a Utah
F-1
FOREWORD
6.
Carbon-14 dating
is based on seven highly questionable assumptions, and its developer testified
that the Carbon-14 Method is invalid for dating anything on earth older than
about 5,000 years old!
7.
Radiogenic dating
cannot determine the age of anything on earth because its basic assumptions are
invalid..
8.
The theory of
uniformity, upon which the theory of evolution is inseparably founded, is
unverifiable scientifically.
9.
The mutation
theory for species evolution is invalid! Genetic mutations and natural
selection cannot account for the creation of new species. Mutations are
destructive, and cause extinction of abnormal forms.
10.
It is
mathematically impossible within the entire universe of possibilities for even
one simple enzyme to occur by chance.
11.
The so-called
“missing links,” the purported ape-like ancestors of man, are proven frauds,
including Trinil Ape Man, Neanderthal Man, CroMagnon Man, Piltdown Man, La
Quina Lady, Heidelburg Man, Moustier Man and Peking Man.
12.
Natural Selection
disproves evolution.
13.
Anatomy and
classification sciences disprove evolution.
14.
Molecular biology
supports intelligent creation.
15.
The evolutionary
theory is basically bad science.
16.
Evolution is a false
religion, founded on atheistic humanism. No truly scientific evidence supports
evolutionary origin of species.
17.
The ice ages
happened in the historic times of man.
18.
The Siberian
mammoths were quick-frozen at temperatures of 150 degrees below zero or colder.
19.
Rain fell during
Noah’s Flood, but was not the sole source of it. The ark floated upward at
least 5,000 feet for 110 days after the rain quit.
20.
Planets in our
earth’s solar system revolve clockwise around the sun. But Haley’s Comet, Neptune ’s two moons and Jupiter’s captured asteroids
revolve counter-clockwise.
21.
Earth cannot move
itself, yet it has changed its axis four times in the history of man.
F-2
FOREWORD
The
real test of this book is not whether the scriptures are true or the scientific
evidences valid. The real test is how objective are you? How open minded are you to raw truth from any
source - scriptural or scientific? The
proof is here in abundance.
Why
is this important to you personally, anyway?
Because without adequate knowledge of the Creation and the purposes of
the earth, your viewpoint on every aspect of your life is distorted. But, on
the other hand, with a sure knowledge and aspect of the truth, your life has
true meaning and purpose.
On
the Creation side, this book focuses on exciting modern revelation about the
organization of space and our own solar system. On the science side, this book
exposes the fallacies of Carbon Dating, the Geologic Time Table and the
outright frauds behind the “missing link” ancestors of man.
In
designing this book, the author has purposely incorporated two underlying
objectives:
1.
Keep it simple
and straightforward. Avoid voluminous
sermonizing.
2.
Require the
reader to use personal initiative to search references on his own. Don’t try to
quote every reference or explain every point. This will keep the book from
becoming too thick and expensive, and will separate the truth seeker from the
lazy critic. You must rely on your own initiative and the Holy Ghost. If you
don’t read the references, you will miss much of the meat of the material.
For
many decades people have felt confused and disturbed over what appear to be
conflicts between science and religion. The subject itself is so sensitive to
some that few can even discuss it openly. In addition, national publicity in America
Of
all people on earth, members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
have the greatest advantage and opportunity to settle the science-vs-religion
controversy in their own minds. Of course, some people will refuse to be
convinced, no matter what the source of evidence. But for their own peace of
mind, no other people have access to such a wealth of information on this subject
as do the Latter-Day Saints.
In
clear revelation, God has explained the WHY of Creation, and much of the HOW.
It is so clear, that any Latter-Day Saint who does not yet know for himself has
now the information to settle the question - intellectually and spiritually.
Without that testimony, many will still accept or try to accommodate Satan’s
counterfeit theories.
For
centuries the Bible has stood alone, heroically testifying of the divine
Creation. Now, modern testaments have joined to support the Biblical account,
fulfilling the law of witnesses (I Tim. 5:19). Together, ancient and modern
witnesses reveal the truth and dispel the errors and deceptions. The sons of God must test and verify these by
both faith and scientific study.
F-3
FOREWORD
Before you continue, please
read D&C 88:77-80; 90:15; 109:7,14. It is important. Keep your scriptures
open, and take the time to read every reference
This
book is especially dedicated to students in the LDS seminaries and institutes
of religion, who are bombarded daily in their secular education by the false
theory of evolution. Their parents and teachers will likewise find it a welcome
resource for answering questions.
Many
non-LDS Christians will also welcome the fresh LDS revelations in addition to
the wealth of exciting material already provided by many Christian scientific
authors.
With
truth as our goal, let’s begin.
F-4
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION OF TERMS
One
of the problems in communications is that different people have different
mental definitions of the same words, and consequently misunderstand and
misinterpret one another. For the purpose of this book, the following words are
used with the definitions provided here:
CREATION - means a planned, purposeful and deliberate act or
series of actions by an intelligent Creator - GOD - resulting in the formation
and organization of this earth and all of its contents, living and non-living.
Each individual form of life was made complete, and each form was made genetically
separate from all others.
The
Biblical/scriptural time frame of 1000 years on earth for each God-day of
creation is understood to be literally true, even though the counting of time
was as yet irrelevant during the Creation period. This Creation implies not
only a pre-planned, definite and sudden origin for all life, but that the earth
and all associated with it have a pre-planned sequence of events to complete
during a set time of duration, to be followed by a specific conclusion and a
permanent reorganization of the earth and all its contents preparatory to its
ultimate destiny.
All of this is for the
benefit of man, who is the literal offspring of the Creator/Father God, and the
entire process conforms to universal laws which govern endless space. Space is
governed by Gods, of whom our Father is one. Man, likewise is capable of
becoming a God, with the overall objective of continuing the Creation process
for his own progeny.
RELIGION - in this book is considered to be the belief in a
Creator/God, and includes the history of man’s origin and his subsequent
relationship with his Creator. Religion also includes man’s practices of
living, and his rituals of worship which are associated with his relationship
with his Creator.
SCIENCE - is the systematic method of acquiring information
and testing a theory against all available evidences, to determine if the
theory is true or false. If not true, the theory is either discarded, or
revised to conform to current evidence and retested. To be considered scientifically
accurate, the procedure must be replicable by at least two independent parties,
yielding the same result. A true scientist rigorously follows strict
procedures, honestly recording all observations, and accepting all pertinent
evidences, regardless of whether or not these evidences support the initial
theory being tested. Science involves
the use and development of equipment, procedures and materials for
experimentation.
EVOLUTION - is a theory which presupposes the theories of
uniformity and survival-of-the-fittest. With that foundation it proposes that
the universe, the earth and all life forms on earth are the result of
accumulative chance over enormous periods of time. The development of new life
forms by mutation, or by cross-breeding of different forms would be considered
“evolution.”
However, in this book, minor
variations (e.g. varied colorings and sizes of flowers, animals or man, etc)
within a species would not be considered as evolution, but mere
adaptations.
I-1
INTRODUCTION
UNIFORMITY - is a theory that the natural ongoing, physical,
chemical and life processes evident today have always been this way, and are
the key to interpreting events in the past or future. Changes in these processes are assumed to be
slow and gradual, requiring millions of years for even minor changes to appear,
survive and become dominant in their environment,
SURVIVAL-OF-THE-FITTEST - is a theory that living organisms survive by
adapting to their environment as it changes. Those forms most able to adapt to
changes are those which survive and predominate. Those least able to adapt
become subordinate or disappear as extinct forms.
This theory presupposes that mutation
is the primary way in which living things change and adapt to their changing
environment, enabling them to survive.
MUTATION - is a theory
which presupposes that the genetic code inherent within a living
organism can be altered, by either energy rays (X-rays, gamma rays, etc.) or,
by repeated exposures to other physical influences of the environment
(temperature, moisture, rough, smooth, light, dark, stress, etc.). These
alterations/adaptations in response to the environment can then be inherited by
its offspring, according to this theory.
Mutation presupposes that all
life forms on earth (living or dead) originated from one common ancestor in the
ocean, which in turn originated from chance association and combination of
non-living chemicals, which subsequently came to function as the original,
primitive life form ancestor.
CHAPTER CONTENTS
The chapters
of this book attempt to follow a logical sequence. For example, before you can
really dig in to get a satisfying answer to the question, “How old is the
earth?” it is first necessary to define truth. This is done in Chapter 1, followed by the true
account of the origin of earth, in Chapter 2.
Such
a deliberately-planned creation by an intelligent human Creator naturally
raises the question, Why? In response,
Chapter 3 opens our view to “The Big Picture,” explaining the reasons behind
all creations. It’s a view from God’s paradigm. Finally, Chapter 4 jumps into
the heart and heat of the age-old science-vs-religion controversy, the age of
the earth.
After
that, Chapter 5 will compare the key principles upon which both Creation and
evolution are founded. Chapter 6
then provides answers to some of the questions most commonly asked. Before
you are tempted to turn directly to Chapter 6, remember that without the
understanding gained in the first five chapters, the answers in Chapter 6 might
not be clearly understood.
Chapters
7 through 10 are four chapters of references to statements and evidences by
modern scientists and Christian leaders. The entire Chapter 7 consists of
excerpts from LDS Apostle Joseph Fielding Smith’s writings, and from statements
by other LDS Church
I-2
INTRODUCTION
Chapter
8 comes from two valuable books, filled with known scientific evidences which
are being ignored by the scientific and educational communities. These two
books are Worlds In Collision and Earth In Upheaval by Immanuel
Velikovsky. Although Velikovsky’s viewpoint is agnostic, his dedication to
revealing true evidences is fearlessly scientific. His non-religious bias enhances the validity
of his material.
Chapter
9 is derived from a priceless book by two scientists who are also Christians.
In their scholarly work, The Genesis Flood, John C. Whitcomb Jr. and
Henry M. Morris expose the heart of some amazingly unscientific procedures and
conclusions which are currently accepted worldwide as true. Other Creation
books by Christian authors are listed in the Appendix of this book as valuable
references. You may be surprised to see what a wealth of information is
available, considering the void of it in our system of education and common
social belief.
Chapter
10 is drawn from three books: The Creation, by LDS scientist and teacher
Frank B. Salisbury; Science And Mormonism, by Melvin A. Cook and M.
Garfield Cook, who quote famous LDS scholars and church leaders on both sides
of the issue; and Earth In The Beginning, by Eric N. Skousen, who
proposes interesting answers to the ages and variety of fossils.
Armed
with the outstanding TOPICAL GUIDE (TG) found in the back of the LDS King James
Bible, an exciting study awaits the truth seeker. You will want to thoroughly
study all of the cross-references in the TG under such headings as: CREATION;
EARTH; JESUS CHRIST - CREATOR; MAN; TIME; and THOUSAND.
In
addition to the Bible, Book of Mormon, Pearl of Great Price and Doctrine And
Covenants you’ll find exciting material in other books and tapes by LDS
authors, some of which are listed below:
Book
or Tape Author
Man, His Origin And Destiny Joseph
Fielding Smith
Doctrines of Salvation Joseph
Fielding Smith
Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith Joseph
Fielding Smith
Mormon Doctrine Bruce
R. McConkie
Discourses of Brigham Young John A.
Widtsoe
The First Two Thousand Years W. Cleon
Skousen
Introduction To The Dead Sea Scrolls (tapes) Inar Erickson
As
part of your preparation to receive these treasures of truth, please take the
time to read each scripture reference. Don’t skip past it, simply because it
isn’t printed here for your convenience. As you study, pray sincerely to
receive understanding of the true meaning as intended by the Lord. God bless you in your search for truth.
Robert L. Webster
I-3
CHAPTER 1 WHAT IS
TRUTH ?
Many
people say there is a conflict between science and religion. There
should not be, but there certainly is. True Religion is in conflict with
both False Religion and False Science. Likewise, True Science
finds itself in conflict with False Science and False Religion. The
only two in harmony with each other are True Religion and True
Science. Not even False Religion and False Science are in
agreement with each other. This unhappy porridge of conflict
might be diagramed as follows:
True Religion False
Religion
CONFLICT
True Science False
Science
It
is no wonder people are confused, when they are being confronted by all four
positions, each claiming to represent “the truth.”
One
incorrect assumption that people make is thinking that all parties honestly
desire the truth. History shows that most people prefer to be socially accepted
than be right. They will accept the position of the popular majority rather
than be right, or fair, or good. Seldom have the majority, as a mass of
society, accepted the truth if it was not socially popular. Rarely has more
than a minority adhered to the truth.
Even
more noticeable is the reality that the majority group is seldom content to
allow the minority to believe as they wish. Majorities usually seem determined
to persecute the minority in an effort to force it into social compliance with
the majority. Usually, determined minority
dissenters have been treated as “enemies of society,” to be done away with. The
“natural man” tends to act that way.
On
earth today, False Religion and False Science dominate the
beliefs of the majority of people. There is a reason for this condition, a
reason which only True Religion can adequately explain.
Pontius
Pilate was not the only person to ask the penetrating question, “What is
truth?” (Jn.18:38). Joseph Smith, the
Latter-Day prophet, also ventured to ask. But whereas Pilate received no answer
directly from the Savior, the youthful Joseph did, by revelation, providing the
world with this eternal definition:
“Truth
is knowledge of things as they are, as they were and as they are yet to be.” (D&C 93:24)
Before you continue, repeat that definition
to yourself another time or two.
1-1
WHAT
IS TRUTH ?
You
may have heard the philosophical argument that, if several people witness an
identical event, such as an automobile collision, that non of their testimonies
will agree exactly. Therefore, the argument concludes, there is no
absolute truth. In this same manner, some critics dispute the Bible, concluding
that, since there is no absolute agreement in the accounts of the
various Bible writers. There is no truth ... hence no God.
In
every field of interest, including science and religion, there seems to be a
driving passion to declare that there is no God. But the truth is, there is a God/Creator. And
even though several eye witnesses may give varied accounts from their varied
viewpoints, God knows the event did occur, and how, and why. Whether it was an
automobile collision, or an event in your personal life, God knows the truth of
it totally. When we consider that Bible records have survived centuries of
efforts to copy, compile and translate them into many languages, it is no
wonder that modern readers in different cultures and languages differ in their
interpretations and understanding of the same passages of scripture (Before
continuing, please read I Ne. 13:26; and II Ne 29:3-10).
TRUTH
IS TRUTH regardless of the source. Truth doesn’t depend on haw many believe or
disbelieve it. Truth does not contradict itself. It can’t. When God says He created the earth, that’s
the truth, and there is no other acceptable explanation. All truth
originates from God, and it may be discovered to man’s satisfaction.
Consequently,
both the scientific method for discovering truth, and pure faith - the
religious method for receiving revealed truth, will yield the same
result - TRUTH. If the Creator considers certain information appropriate for
man to know, He can make it available for man to discover or receive by the
appropriate method. Truth does not vary according to the perceptions and
descriptions of the observer. Truth
exists! Only the observers’ perceptions and descriptions may vary. It is up to
the observer to bring himself into harmony with the truth, to accurately
identify it, and then to conform to its reality.
Ever
since the Fall of Adam, man has been divided in his belief by a dual nature. On
one hand, he seeks for good - to advance and improve. On the other hand, man
follows a natural tendency toward disbelief, disobedience and degenerate
behavior. Generally man has shown a greater inclination for degeneracy and
evil than for enlightenment and good. The reality of the Great Flood in
Noah’s time, followed by the Tower of Babel confusion of languages, are just
two of the many historic testimonies of man’s propensity to degenerate from
high standards and truth.
That’s
how the natural man is, until he becomes converted and committed to the
Savior’s standards – “born again” in the Holy Spirit - and puts off the old
natural man and becomes a new, spiritually reborn man in Christ (Mosiah 3:19).
Until that happens, man not only pulls away from the truth, but seems determined
to attack the truth, and to persecute those who have learned to love and follow
truth. All of this arises from the CONFLICT diagramed earlier.
I-2
WHAT
IS TRUTH ?
Again,
TRUTH IS TRUTH, and whether revealed from God or discovered by scientific
search, it is TRUTH. Whereas religion deals with WHAT happens and WHY, science
attempts to discover the HOW of truth.
True
science follows the scientific method of discovery of empirical evidence; it
tests all possibilities and accepts all relevant evidences. The inevitable
result is, True Science discovers truth. This discovered truth will harmonize
perfectly with the revealed truth received by True Religion. We must remember,
however, that so far, both sources of truth are dealing with incomplete information.
Not all truth has been revealed by God yet, and many secrets of the earth, like
missing pieces of a puzzle, are not yet discovered by science. Some truths are
not available to be discovered by the traditional scientific method.
In
addition, the water is muddied further by False Religion and False Science.
False Religion not only denies the power and true nature of God, but it even
denies much of His revealed truth. It prefers “the philosophies of men, mingled
with a little scripture.” In similar fashion, False Science prefers to believe
the theories of vain and deceiving men, ignoring the discipline and honesty of
the scientific method of discovery.
False Science even ignores or discards many obvious evidences from many
sources which may conflict embarrassingly with its preconceived theories.
Science
looks for tangible proof, not faith. Yet both the Creationist and the
Evolutionist begin upon a similar premise, which requires faith. The Creationist believes (faith) there is a
God/Creator. The Evolutionist believes
(faith) that his theory can account for all things, which eliminates the need
for a God.
The
major difference is that the Creationist begins with a God/Creator who has
actually revealed Himself and His works to man. In contrast, the Evolutionist
begins with his own self-conceived theory, and then attempts to force all
evidences to support that theory, even when the realities of true science do
not and cannot verify or support it.
The
Apostle Paul soundly rebuked the worldly beliefs of both False Religion and
False Science on several occasions:
I Cor. 1:25-27 “God
hath chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise
2:14 ... the natural man receiveth not the
things of the spirit of God; for they are foolishness unto him; neither can he
know them, because they are spiritually discerned.”
II Tim. 3:7-8 “...
ever learning and never able to come to a knowledge of the truth.”
4:3-3 “... they will not
endure sound doctrine ... and they shall turn away their ears from the truth,
and shall be turned into fables.”
I Tim 6:20-21 “Timothy,
keep ... avoiding profane and vain babblings, and operations of science,
falsely so called; which some professing have erred concerning the faith.”
I-3
WHAT
IS TRUTH ?
Col. 2:8 “Beware
lest any man spoil you through philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition
of men, after the rudiments of the world, and not after Christ.”
(Also
I Cor 3:19-20)
The
Book of Mormon prophet Nephi spoke similarly when he said:
II Ne. 9:19-20 “...
O the vainness, and the frailties, and the foolishness of man! When they are
learned they think they are wise, and they harken not unto the counsel of God,
for they set it aside, supposing they know of themselves, wherefore their wisdom
is foolishness and it profiteth them not. And they shall perish. But to be learned is good if they
harken unto the counsels of God.”
In
other words, a learned scientist who is also a man of God will find and accept
the truth from all evidences and all sources, and he will recognize them as
harmonious, as they must be and are. But
an investigator who rejects or ignores evidences because they may not fit his
pet preconceived theory, distinguishes himself as a False Scientist, unworthy
of trust before men or God (II Pet. 2:1-2; 3:3-9).
With
truth defined in the brief introduction to this point, let’s examine the
truth of Creation. It all began out there in space. The mistake many
people make here is they want to jump right into the heat of the argument over
the “age of the earth,” without first settling the question of truth, as just
discussed. It is nearly impossible to discuss the matter with any hope of
agreement, unless some basic truths are first agreed upon:
1.
There is a
God/Creator, He is all knowing and all powerful.
2.
God created this
earth, and He created it for man, who is God’s literal offspring.
3.
Earth and man are
programmed to pass through a pre-planned series of develop- mental stages. Those who are
obedient will become perfected, as God is.
4.
Man is born free
to act and choose for himself which course he will follow. His own conscious decisions will
influence and determine his eternal destiny.
If
we can agree that there is a God/Creator who exists with a purpose for man and
earth, then we are in a better position to examine and appreciate the truth of
CREATION, which is presented in Chapter Two.
1-4
CHAPTER 2 CREATION
- ORIGIN OF THE EARTH
Few
topics are argued more bitterly than is THE ORIGIN OF THE EARTH. Yet, many
scholars and religious leaders avoid the subject, at least publicly.
Creation
supporters, clinging faithfully to the Biblical account in Genesis, find
themselves assailed relentlessly with strong-sounding evidences and “logic”
from what Apostle Paul called the wisdom of men and science falsely-so-called.
With the Bible alone, many Christians have felt hard pressed to defend
Creationism in any tangible terms, beyond their own firm faith.
On
the Evolution side, the weight of numbers of supporters has been intimidating
to non-evolutionists. So complete is the world-wide indoctrination of the
theory of evolution into the textbooks, encyclopedias, university dogma,
research and scientific literature, political philosophies and social beliefs
that the theory is accepted as though it was an established fact - as
truth!
Perhaps
the favorite “evidence” thrown against Creationists is the “millions-of-years
age of the earth,” as determined, supposedly, by the process known as carbon
dating. While on one hand the evolutionists talk casually of an earth
millions of years old, they gasp in disbelief at a Creationists account of only a few thousand
years.
For
many Christians, carbon dating and the geologic time table of millions of years
are a severe test of their faith.
Feeling outnumbered and inadequately armed when challenged to produce “proof of
Creation, Christians often struggle to ride the fence, trying to accommodate an
awkward marriage of portions of both arguments. Some even suggest that, “maybe
God used evolution as His method of Creation.”
Fortunately,
the Genesis account no longer stands alone.
God has provided additional witnesses in modern scriptures to
strengthen and support the Biblical truths about Creation. Both Biblical and
modern testaments have been revealed from heaven to man in times when this
knowledge was needed. Together, they stand so clear and understandable that the
honest truth seeker, both in faith and in science, can accept the evidence.
However,
for those who lack a conviction of the reality of these modern testaments, as
delicious as they may seem, they cannot use them, without first agreeing that
these modern prophets and scriptures are divine, and that the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints is actually the true church of Jesus Christ
It
is in this very point that the LDS member with testimony has the enormous
advantage. Standing firmly on the side of True Religion, the LDS Creationist
may experience what Jesus experienced when His doctrine of truth became too
hard for the popularly established religion – “and from that day they followed
him no more.” Most Biblical Creationists, while welcoming the LDS support, will
not accept LDS modern prophets or scriptures, regardless of how true it may
sound to them.
2-1
CREATION - ORIGIN OF THE EARTH
False
Religion and False Science alike will simply refuse to believe truth, until
they become converted by the Holy Spirit to know that Joseph Smith is a true,
modern prophet of God. So, to a degree, the unfortunate conflict continues,
even between LDS and Biblical Creationists. The LDS believes the Bible’s
Genesis account, but the non-LDS Christians oppose the LDS Christians’ modern
revelations on Creation.
If,
however, we can agree on the divinity of these modern sources, then we
can proceed to discuss the age of the earth.
These modern evidences from the Creator Himself reveal exciting and
clear information about the Creation.
Bible
scholars have often had difficulty defending the Biblical concept of one day
with God equals one thousand years on earth. This has been a focal point of
attack by the supporters of the geologic time table, which assigns millions of
years of age to the earth’s sedimentary rock layers. In Genesis Chapters one through five is found
a day-by-day account of the Creation sequence of events. In addition, the
principle Bible references which mention the 1 day to 1000 years relationship
are:
Ps.
90:4; II Pet. 3:8; and Rev. 20:2-4 (See T.G.: THOUSAND, TIME, CREATION)
But
now modern revelation provides even more clear explanations to support the
Bible account:
Moses
Chapters 1 - 7, especially 1:8,
25-39; all of Ch 2; 3:1-7; and 7:30. Compare with the Genesis account. Please
read these before continuing.
Ab.
1:31 Moses had the records of the
patriarchs since Adam, which contained knowledge of the Creation, of the planets
and stars, as God had revealed it all to all ancient prophets.
Ab.
3 Before Abraham went into Egypt
Ab.
3:4 One rotation of Kolob (star
nearest To God’s home star) on its axis equals 1000 years of time on earth. Kolob governs
our earth and solar system, besides many other earths like ours, peopled
with God’s children.
Ab.
3:5-10 There are SET TIMES to the
revolutions, days, months and years of the earth, the sun, moon and all stars.
D&C 88:25
Earth abides celestial law.
:36-38
All space and all kingdoms abide a law.
:42-45
There are FIXED courses, times and seasons of earth and all planets.
121:31 SET times, seasons, revolutions, days,
months and years. (See also D&C 121:12 and 130:4-9).
2-
2
CREATION
- ORIGIN OF THE EARTH
As
clear and understandable as these revealed truths are, they should be
sufficient for the faith of any Latter-Day Saint. But there is yet another
segment, often overlooked, which reveals even more about how God intelligently
organizes His creations out in space, for His eternal plan. It is FACSIMILE
STONE NUMBER 2 in the Book of Abraham, in the Pearl of Great Price. As explained in the introduction to the Pearl
of Great Price, it was translated by the Prophet Joseph Smith from certain
Egyptian mummy scrolls which came into his possession..
Joseph’s
notes alongside the drawings of FACSIMILE STONES NUMBERS 2 and 3 explain that
God has withheld the interpretation of some of the hierogliphics. The characters which Joseph was permitted to
understand shed exciting light on the precise timing relationships which
govern all of space. As interested as modern men are in the exploration of
space, this knowledge is enough to put a True Scientist into orbit!
For
background, we see first that FACSIMILE STONE NUMBER 3 shows Abraham, the
prophet of God, reasoning in Pharaoh’s court upon the topic of astronomy.
Remember that Abraham had received this knowledge by direct revelation from God
just prior to entering Egypt Egypt
A
careful reading of Abraham Chapters 3 and 4, along with Joseph’s notes for
FACSIMILE STONE # 2, yields a picture of the organization of space, which might
be diagramed as follows:
2 -
3
CREATION
- ORIGIN OF THE EARTH
It
may help, to understand the organization of creations in space, to visualize
the design of a simple bicycle gear. The large front sprocket is connected by a
chain to a smaller rear sprocket. One turn of the large sprocket/gear turns the
small gear several times, depending on the gear ratio. Whether linked by a
chain or by directly intermeshed teeth, all gear systems are designed on this
same principle of gear ratios and an external source of power. They are
deliberately made by an intelligent creator for a purpose, on earth as well as
in heaven.
Just
like gears, each planet in space is governed in its movements by an invisible,
yet real power linkage from a greater planet, one which moves in a slower order
of rotation on its axis. Thus, their revolutions about their axes, rotations in
orbits within larger systems, and the reckoning of their times, seasons, years,
months days, hours and minutes are PRECISELY SET by their Creator, following
eternal laws of order, for eternal purposes.
All
space is governed by intelligent laws of order, harmony and good. CONFORMING
OBEDIENTLY TO THAT INTELLIGENT SYSTEM IS WHAT CONSTITUTES BEING A GOD. God is a
God because He has attained perfect obedience to the orderly laws of truth and
good. That is true love. God acts only by perfect love. Because all of His
thoughts, intents, and actions are made in perfect love, the elements and
powers of eternity obey Him. By His word He creates and sets worlds and solar
systems in motion. Because the elements exist in tune with the frequency of
perfect love, they respond automatically to His wish, just as a
remote-controlled toy car obeys its designed signal. It can’t do otherwise;
that’s how it is made and programmed. God is the very personification of love,
and when He speaks, the elements willingly obey His energy frequency. They obey
the sons of God also, under appropriate conditions.
IS
THIS THE ONLY EARTH ?
As
long as we’re talking about the “big picture,” as God sees it, it may help to
put things into perspective by looking up at the star-filled sky on a clear,
dark night. What we can see is only a very, very limited view of space, in
breadth or depth. Special telescopes and cameras can reveal more stars than the
human eye itself can ever see. If seeing is believing, these instruments can
greatly aid our knowledge and our faith.
2 -
4
CREATION
- ORIGIN OF THE EARTH
All
of the bodies and powers which man has been able to discover in space is what
we call our universe. Our earth’s solar system is a minute part of only one
galaxy in our universe. Our Milky Way is shaped much like a giant pinwheel,
composed of several million stars. These stars
are more densely concentrated near the thicker center, tapering and
curving out into less-concentrated arms at the outer edges. As a sketch, it
might appear somewhat like this:
TOP VIEW SIDE
VIEW
Telescopes
have seen other galaxies with this same type of spiral shape. Our solar system,
they say is located out near the end of one of those curved arms of stars (the
X on the sketch). When we see the Milky Way at night, we are actually looking
inward, edgeways toward the cross-section of that starry arm (arrow). Even the
several million stars and solar systems of our galaxy are not the end of space.
Space is an endless repetition of galaxies, nebulae (star clouds) and stars,
separated by vast distances. The farther our instruments can see, the more we
discover. It is endless.
For
example, by pointing a special telescope out toward space from earth’s Northern
Hemisphere, the resulting computerized mosaic pattern of lights shows that
there are at least one million galaxies in just that narrow and short distance
view of space (* see reproduction next page 2-6). By aiming the earth’s
strongest telescopes in that same viewing area,
1.1 billion galaxies can be seen! Then, within only a tiny 6 by 6 degree
square of that overall view, one million galaxies can be seen.
In
other words space is endless! The nebulae, galaxies and clusters of galaxies go
on forever! The number of solar systems in just our own Milky Way Galaxy, which
potentially could have an earth situated like ours where life could exist, is
realistically numbered in the millions! That’s just our galaxy! And the galaxies are
countless . . . and endless.
The
awesomeness of our own tinyness amid all that space makes the scriptures just
that much more meaningful (TG JESUS CHRIST - CREATOR). But before you let
yourself feel like an insignificant nobody, stop and think . . . there has to
be an important reason behind all that
space and stars. There is. And it is
thrilling to know.
2 -
5
CREATION
- ORIGIN OF THE EARTH
The
next natural question to arise is, “Why?” Why is all of this enormity of space
organized in this way? The prophet Moses
asked the same question, and the Creator gave him this explanation, “FOR
BEHOLD, THIS IS MY WORK AND MY GLORY - TO BRING TO PASS THE IMMORTALITY AND
ETERNAL LIFE OF MAN” (Moses 1:39). Re-read that and think about it.
In
other words, God exists to have children, and to help them achieve perfection,
as He has, to be like Him, to be with Him, to have all that He has . . . yes,
to become Gods themselves, as He is. This is the real purpose of all the creations
of space, including this earth. It is all for man, the very children of God!
How’s that for mixing science and religion? It is simply and inescapably true.
Eventually, every knee shall bow and every tongue confess that it is true. As a
modern prophet has expressed it, “As man is, God once was, and as God is, man
may become.” (Lorenzo Snow).
Yes,
God was once a mortal man on an earth, who perfected himself in obedience to
the same eternal plan which we face, and became a God. God is His title; Elohim
is His name. His consuming passion is to rear His beloved children unto
perfection, like unto Himself and to His beloved firstborn Son, Jehovah, our
brother and Savior, Jesus the Christ.
This Father-to-Son process is as endless as space (Moses 1:29-40).
*See
the computer mosaic picture of space on the next page, 2-8 (Figure 6). Each
minute bright white square dot represents 10 galaxies. The dullest gray dots
are one galaxy. Photocopied from the Co-Evolution Quarterly, 1978-79. A copy of
the entire 2 2 x 3-foot mosaic can be obtained by sending $5.00 US
to ONE MILLION GALAXIES, Co-Evolution Quarterly, Box 428 , Sausalito , California , 94966
2 -
7
CREATION
- ORIGIN OF THE
EARTH
This
is what makes this short earth life so eternally important! All we need to do
is obey our loving Father’s instructions and we cannot fail. He has provided
the way for everything to be accomplished successfully. As a coach trains his
team, so our Father’s commandments are his best counsel to bring us, His own
beloved children, home to Him again. They are all for our own eternal good. But
the coach cannot play our roles for us. Only we can perform, and obey or
disobey, making conscious choices for ourselves.
A
proper understanding of this overall process helps us not only to explain
science and religion, but more importantly, it motivates us to live right for
the right reasons. WE ARE GODS IN
EMBRYO!
Just
as a space craft returning to earth must obey precise laws to safely hit the
“re-entry window” of earth’s atmosphere, so also must we follow the straight
and narrow path to perfection, back to our heavenly home. It’s exciting! And oh
how our heavenly parents love us and want us to come home to them again, where
we will continue our progress, providing new earth creations for our own spirit
children.
FACSIMILE
STONE #2 teaches us that our earth’s branch of God’s creations in space
consists of a series of organized planets, interconnected by a precise power
linkage, as surely as the two bicycle sprockets are connected by a chain drive.
It’s much like a series of gears. At this point we do not know the exact power
system, but some day we shall. In fact
we must master it, when we begin our own creations in space. It sure beats playing harps!
FACSIMILE
STONE #2 reveals more than any other scriptures on this topic, so far, and
Latter-Day Saints should be thankful and pray for confirmation of the Holy
Spirit. Then they should testify
enthusiastically of the truth, against worldly theories. Thanks to this revealed
knowledge, we know a little more of the HOW and quite a bit more of the WHY our
earth was created. Who could reject this
truth from the pure source, in favor of false and unverifiable theories of men?
We
are nearly ready to examine some of the details of the true creation story. But
one more step first. Let’s check out the Master’s Plan, so we can understand 1)
Where did man come from? 2) Why is man on earth? and 3) Where is he going after this life? Answers to these questions help us to
understand WHY the Creation took place as it did, HOW LONG will earth last,
WHAT WILL HAPPEN to the earth in the end, and if there are OTHER EARTHS
inhabited by man. If you are interested,
Chapter three is packed with answers.
2 -
9
CHAPTER
3 PRE-MORTAL
EXISTENCE LIFE - THE BIG PICTURE
Before
our earth was created, God our Father first planned the process. This was not
the first earth ever created, nor the last (Read Moses 1:29-38). The laws
governing the creation process have always existed. God employs those laws
precisely and righteously. But He was not alone.
Both
the Genesis and Abraham accounts reveal that more than one person was
involved in the planning . . . Let us
create man in our image, (Gen. 1:26) Let us go down . . . and they,
that is the Gods organized and formed the heavens and the earth
(Ab. 4 & 5).
Numerous
other passages confirm that Jesus Christ, who is Jehovah of the Old Testament,
Mine Only Begotten, The Son of God, etc. created the earth under the direction
of God the Father (TG: JESUS CHRIST - CREATOR).
In
brief, God is the Father of the spirits of all men and women. Man’s spirit body
looks like and conforms to the shape of God’s physical body. God gathered His
spirit children and explained His plan to them (us). On an earth, which He would create
specifically for them, they would receive their essential physical bodies,
similar to His, with which to gain experience, and to prove themselves by
obedience to His commandments. By following His guidance on earth, each could
progress back into His presence, the ultimate existence. It was also made clear
that all memory of pre-earth life would be gone on earth, which would make the
test of faith and obedience fair and complete. Each must act and choose for
himself. Freedom of choice (agency)
is as essential a principle of life as a physical body. It’s a celestial law!
God
knew that disobedience (sin) would prevent His children from qualifying to
return to His presence. God explained a marvelous arrangement to overcome that
lost and helpless condition. It would require a sinless person on earth to
earth to sacrifice his own blood to atone (repay) for the sins of all the
others, since only innocent blood can atone for sin - another celestial law. A
SAVIOR was necessary – a sinless one who would voluntarily suffer out of pure
love for his brothers and sisters, in total obedience to our Heavenly
Father. To him would God grant the power
to then return to life permanently, and to make it possible for all men
likewise to resurrect into everlasting life.
The
Firstborn Son of all of God’s spirit children, Jehovah, volunteered, committing
himself completely to God’s will, and honoring the righteousness of His plan to
bless His children. God was pleased.
But
another great and persuasive spirit son, Lucifer, foreseeing the difficulties
and hardships of earth life, presented an alternative plan. In his scheme, no
one should have to risk being lost; all could be saved, by requiring everyone
to be tightly controlled - forced to obey - without agency. His true objective,
however, was to receive the credit and glory for himself, attempting to
accomplish something that not even God could guarantee. Shouldn’t that make him greater than God?
3-1
PRE-EARTH
LIFE -
THE BIG PICTURE
And
therefore shouldn’t he deserve to sit on God’s throne instead? Many of the spirits liked the idea of guaranteed
security and salvation, as opposed to the personal risks and
responsibilities of freedom of choice.
(You may recognize that this same contest between our own guaranteed
security and calculated risk is a major issue between competing political
viewpoints governing socio-economic programs on earth).
Full
of vanity and deceit, and possessed with a lust to obtain power and glory
without earning it according to eternal laws, this spirit sought a shortcut to
the power and glory he desired. His plan
would eliminate every individual’s right and responsibility to choose for
himself willingly, without external compulsion.
However, God said, “I will send the first. And the second was angry, and kept not his
first estate; and at that day many followed after him “ (Read Ab. 3:24-28;
Moses 4:1-4; TG: COUNCIL IN HEAVEN, SATAN).
With
Jehovah accepted and his plan rejected, Lucifer rebelled. But so influential was his debate, and so
persuasive was his personality and presentation that it divided the spirits,
creating a war in heaven. He became
Satan, the Father of Lies, and was cast out of heaven to earth, along with the
rebellious one third of the spirit children of God. They became the Devil and his angels, who
lost their opportunity forever to have a physical body, and to enjoy its
blessings. Instead of progressing, they
work continually to influence men on earth to not obey God’s plan of happiness
and salvation. They seek to make all men
miserable, like themselves.
What
does this have to do with CREATION - VS - EVOLUTION? It is essential to understand the true reasons
why earth was created, why conditions exist as they are, and how long earth
will last in each of its various situations. This is the ultimate reality. This is TRUTH. This is not a children’s fairy
tale. This is the real thing! (Remember to study each of the topics in the
TOPICAL GUIDE in the back of the LDS KING JAMES BIBLE. TG: SATAN, FALL OF MAN, WAR IN HEAVEN,
COUNCIL IN HEAVEN, CREATION. Don’t skip these, or you will miss the most
important points!)
Just
as all children of God were created first as spirits in heaven prior to coming
to a physical earth body, so also were all living things, and even the earth
itself, created first as spirit beings, made of a more refined spirit matter.
The same sequence of actions used in the spirit creation was then repeated for
the physical (temporal) creation of the earth and its life forms. The overall
“master plan” or agenda for earth’s existence was to include several stages:
1.
Spirit
creation in heaven: 6 days plus a day
of rest.
2.
Physical
creation: 6 days of 1000 earth years
each, plus one day of rest - a total of 7000 years.
3.
The Fall of
Adam, initiating both death and the
start of the counting of earth’s temporal time in mortality.
4.
Mortality: 6 days of 1000 earth years each (We are now
approaching the end of
the 6th day). The
Savior’s atonement came in the meridian (middle) of this overall earth time schedule.
3-2
PRE-EARTH
LIFE - THE BIG PICTURE
5.
The Millennium: The 7th day of 1000 years of peace, with
Christ/Jehovah the
Savior reigning personally on earth, while Satan and his angels will be
bound, and rendered even
more ineffective by man’s righteousness.
6.
Satan will be
loosed again to propagate evil for “a
brief time.”(1000 years?)
7.
Final
Judgement of men, and assignment to
appropriate kingdoms of glory.
8.
Changing of
Earth into a celestial globe like
God’s home, to be the home for those
who kept God’s commandments, and learned to live righteous, obedient
lives. Among these are
candidates for Godhood.
Intelligent, just and
beautiful, God’s PLAN OF SALVATION for His spirit children is sometimes
diagramed as follows:
Antemortal
Pre-earth Life
with God CELESTIAL Earth occupied by
KINGDOM obedient
people who
OF GLORY were
sanctified.
J
Veil U TERRESTRIAL Occupied by good
D KINGDOM people who were
G OF
GLORY not
sanctified.
E
Earth M TELESTIAL Occupied by evil
(You) E KINGDOM people who were
N OF
GLORY not
sanctified.
T
OUTER DARKNESS Occupied by Satan,
(No Glory) his
angels, and Sons
of Perdition.
PURPOSE
OF LIFE ON EARTH
1. Gain a Body
2. Gain Experience
3.
Prove Ourselves
(TG: DEGREES OF GLORY, MILLENNIUM, EARTH, JUDGEMENT,
ANTE-MORTAL EXISTENCE)
How
refreshing the truth is! How grateful
we are to God for providing this knowledge. It gives us hope of eternal life,
and kindles our love for God our Father, and for our elder brother Jesus the
Christ, the Creator and Savior.
Finally
we are now better prepared to examine some of the details of those 1000-year AGod days of the physical creation of earth, and then
to determine in Chapter Four, an answer to that anxious question, HOW OLD IS
THE EARTH?
3-3
Chapter 4 HOW
OLD IS THE EARTH ?
In
this chapter we are at last ready to dive into the heart of the controversy
surrounding CREATION-VS-EVOLUTION. As we discussed earlier, the focal
point of conflict seems to be the 1 God-day equals 1000 years in the
Creation story, as opposed by the millions of years age of the earth declared
by evolutionists. The previous chapters presented the scriptural evidences that
the CREATION position is literally true. In the Creation sequence,
certain events took place on each God-day, approximately as follows:
DAY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
THE FALL
Light Earth Land
Sun Sea Beasts
Day Mortality and the Counting
KEY & &
Water, Moon Life, & of of
Mortal Time Begins.
EVENT Dark Heaven
Seeds Stars
Fowl Man Rest
When
originally created, this physical earth was in a TERRESTRIAL status.
During those peaceful Garden-of-Eden conditions, there was no aging or
death on earth! All living creatures lived endlessly. All land was in
one place, and the sea covered the rest of the earth’s surface. The surface of
the earth was relatively smooth, mild and peaceful, producing its foliage and
food spontaneously for the benefit of all creatures. No form of life harmed,
attacked or ate any other, only its foliage or fruit.
Adam
and Eve were the first human flesh on earth, although they were not yet mortal.
There were no pre-adamite “cave-men” progenitors. These two children of God, Adam and Eve were
fully intelligent, yet as innocent as the cattle. All creatures lived in
peaceful harmony, without pain, disease or death. Like all other creatures,
Adam and Eve were designed with the ability to bring forth offspring after its
own kind, but as yet ignorant of and unmotivated about how to do so. Genetic
cross-breeding or mutation was impossible, being restricted in its genetic code
by limits set by the Creator. Those limits lovingly protect each species and
avoid chaos. There are different kinds of flesh for man, beasts, fishes
and birds. They did not evolve from one common ancestor, although there
were similarities in many of the regeneration processes. Each kind of creature
was a specific creation, genetically different from all others.
When
first placed on earth in their TERRESTRIAL state, all animal creatures could
intercommunicate in a common language. Adam had not been taught any “reckoning
of time,” since time was irrelevant; time was endless. Then Satan was allowed by God to enter the
scene to provide the opposition necessary to help Adam and Eve exercise their
free choice between right and wrong.
Satan, filled with hate from his rejection, was determined to destroy
the Father’s Plan of Salvation, which now condemned Satan and his angels of
misery and hate.
Soon
after placing them here, God had carefully instructed Adam and Eve to:
1.
Multiply and
replenish the earth.
2.
Take care of the
Garden, and have dominion over all the earth.
3.
Not to eat of the
Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil.
4 -
1
HOW
OLD IS THE EARTH ?
Using
his persuasive skills again, and speaking through the voice of the subtle
serpent, Satan presented portions of truth, mingled with deceit and twisted
logic, to convince Eve to eat of the forbidden fruit. Yes, the fruit was an
actual fruit, not sex, despite how modern distortions portray it. Eve desired
to gain knowledge, and to be as the Gods, knowing good from evil. She
especially needed knowledge to keep those first two commandments. She made her
choice.
Eve
ate deliberately, and found the fruit to be delicious as promised. Quickly, she
realized that she alone had eaten, and would be left alone, isolated from both
Adam and the Father. She earnestly reasoned with Adam to eat of it also, breaking
the third commandment so they might remain together to fulfill the first two,
which they could only accomplish together. Adam agreed with this necessity, and
also chose to eat of the forbidden fruit.
Otherwise, they would have remained separated forever without knowledge,
posterity or joy.
Together
Adam and Eve reasoned that it was worth the penalty of suffering and even
eventual death in order to know good from evil, and to complete their God-given
commandments. In their original innocent state, Adam and Eve had no awareness
of their sexuality, or how to multiply and replenish the earth, as commanded.
But with the change that came into them now, they became mortal and understood.
With
this willful breaking of a simple commandment (a law), sin entered the world.
This is The Original Sin. Since no sin whatever may remain in or enter God’s
presence, Adam and Eve were exiled from their beautiful Garden-of-Eden home
near present Independence , Missouri ,
to a nearby location known as Adam-Ondi-Ahman ,
Missouri
But
the consequences of their original sin extended far beyond Adam and Eve
themselves. All of the earth and all creations under Adam’s jurisdiction also
fell from the blissful TERRESTRIAL state to a lower TELESTIAL state of
mortality. All of Creation, organic and inorganic entered mortality
together. This is The Fall Of Adam.
It
is at this point that the aging process began, leading toward death and decay. Also at this time began the counting of TIME in
mortality, for Adam and for all the earth. There also began a new enmity
and adversity between creatures, developing into predator-prey food chain
relationships. The earth itself became
harsh and rough, yielding its resources only with difficulty, particularly for
mankind. Some climatic influences became severe and troublesome.
Just
as the TERRESTRIAL Garden of Eden
4 -
2
HOW
OLD IS THE EARTH ?
Justice
requires that every sin be paid for by innocent mortal blood. The SAVIOR
would make it possible for Adam and all his posterity to be freed from the
penalty of an endless death caused by the original sin, and to enjoy the
presence o f the Father again. His
ATONEMENT would also erase men’s personal sins, upon conditions of personal
repentance.
It
is because of these religious reasons that the earth is like it is today. Consequently, it is futile to try to understand
earth and life under any other explanation or theory. Creation is not a theory; it is fact! Evolution is only a theory (a guess), and a
false and unverifiable theory at that! It is worse than false, Evolution is
anti-God, anti-truth and anti-salvation! It is Satan’s counterfeit for truth, a
counterfeit religion!
Now
that the earth had entered mortality, how long will it stay that
way? When would the SAVIOR free it from
both original and personal sin? When would the anticipated end come, so that
God’s children could come home again? As
pre-planned by God, mortal earth (after the Fall of Adam) would exist
for six God-days of 1000 years each, followed by a seventh day of rest.
Mortality might be diagramed as follows, with each day-period highlighted by a
key person or event:
I<---------
MORTALITY ------------>I
-------------->I
I<---CELESTIAL--> DAYS ETERNITY
FALL 1 2 3 4 5 6 I 7 -------> ------>
OF I R J T
ADAM A F M S A R I R S E U H
D L O A P E I E A S D E
T A O S V O S I S T U G
I M O E I S T I T A R E
M D S O T O I N R M E
E R A R I E E N
C A I C N D
B Y T I T T
E I I I
G O I O
I N I N
N I
S I
4 - 3
HOW OLD IS THE EARTH ?
In its present TELESTIAL mortal condition (see diagram
p. 3-3) life is characterized by adversity, risks, dangers, and death on a
harsh, cruel and unyielding earth. To
Adam, the earth was cursed to produce its difficult conditions in order to test
his faithfulness. But our loving Father did not leave His children to struggle
alone. In addition to the SAVIOR, God provided His gospel Plan of Salvation and
a system to guide man, giving him hope of eternal life to reward his obedience.
He also provided a means for each man to repent of his own personal sins,
to be forgiven under the SAVIOR’s atoning sacrifice. Meanwhile Satan and his
spirit hosts roam the earth spreading deceptions, temptations and misery,
persuading men to disobey God’s pure life style of love and happiness through
obedience.
At the conclusion of the earth’s sixth 1000-year-day
of mortality, somewhere near the year 2000 A.D., God will lift up the righteous
people above the earth while He cleanses the earth of all wickedness by fire.
Then, the earth will be changed back into a TERRESTRIAL Garden-of-Eden state of
peace and purity again. This will usher in the long awaited millennium, the
1000 years of peace on earth, during which the SAVIOR will reign personally
among men as king of Kings and Lord of Lords.
Obviously, these scheduled changes and planned
time sequences defy worldly theories of gradual evolutionary ages, with their
survival-of-the-fittest concepts of random mutation and physical
adaptation. All of those theories are
based on unprovable, unscientific, false assumptions propagated by the master
of deceit, the counterfeit savior, Satan.
Your continuing study in the TOPICAL GUIDE under JESUS
CHRIST, SAVIOR; ATONEMENT, MILLENNIAL REIGN; SPIRIT WORLD; RESURRECTION; FINAL
JUDGEMENT; THREE DEGREES OR KINGDOMS OF GLORY and the exciting details of
eternity on this Celestialized earth are left to your personal choice.
Information and testimony are abundant and awaiting your sincere quest for
TRUTH. By now you should be able to answer for yourself the question, HOW OLD
IS THE EARTH?
This discussion has scarcely scratched the surface,
and it has left much to your free choice to pursue and discover. But our
fascinating journey of CREATION-VS-EVOLUTION would still seem incomplete
without a brief comparison of the key PRINCIPLES of conflict between God’s
CREATION and Satan’s “theory of evolution.” That comparison is presented in
Chapter 5.
4 - 4
CHAPTER 5 PRINCIPLES
COMPARED
GOD’S CREATION -VS- SATAN’S EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
The truth is Assumes
1.All life has been originated deliberately and purposefully by an intelligent Creator who is
following an eternal plan. This Creator, God, performed this creation by action
of His Son, Jesus Christ, who has made worlds without number for God’s endless
children - man.
2. There was no death on earth during the Garden of
Eden period, until “The Fall of Adam.”
3. Only God can create life. He created all life. Life
comes only from existing life, not from non-living matter. All living things
were first created/born as spirits, before being created as temporal/physical
beings on earth. Man’s spirit body is God’s littoral, personal offspring.
4. God purposefully created earth for man, and has
provided al the conditions and resources needed to sustain life, and for man to
progress.
5. God created the Terrestrial earth in 6 God-days of
1000 years each, and rested a 7th. Then came the “Fall of Adam”
bringing mortality to all the earth. Since then, the planned life for earth
will be 6 God-days, or 6000 years, plus a final 7th day of 1000 years
of rest. Finally, the earth will be changed into a Celestial star, the eternal
home for God’s faithful children, who can continue to progress and become Gods
themselves, continuing creations in space.
6. God placed Adam on earth as the first human being,
as an intelligent son of God, prepared to begin earth’s human population. There
were no pre-Adam humans. As man follows God’s instructions, he prospers. As
he disobeys, men degenerate spiritually, physically and culturally. All
primitive cultures have degenerated from Adam and Noah.
1.All life evolved from a common ancestor, which
originated from chance chemical combinations in the sea. Man evolved from
ape-like progenitors through cave-man/stone-age stages to today’s status and
culture.
2. Ocean chemicals combined into 1-celled life,
gradually adapting and changing over millions of years into the various life
forms known today - all from one common ancestor.
3.There has always been mutation, change in all life
forms, and death (uniformity theory).
4.Life began spontaneously on its own. There is no
need for a God/Creator, and no pre-earth life. Man is merely one of the animal
kingdom species, which has evolved to its higher state of intelligence through
gradual survival-selection changes.
5.Earth and the solar system are the result of chaotic
physical/chemical and electromagnetic forces in the universe, accidentally
resulting in earth’s conditions which support life.
6.Earth has existed for millions of years, and may
continue on for millions more. No one knows the future. Man evolved from
ape-like ancestors through crude cave-man, stone-age stages to today’s status
and culture.
5 - 1
PRINCIPLES COMPARED
GOD’S CREATION -VS-
The Truth Is
7. Each species is created capable of regenerating
after its own kind only, within genetic limits set by God. They cannot
cross-breed or mutate beyond those limits. There are different kinds of flesh
for fish, fowl, beasts and man - not one common ancestor.
8. Natural social laws among all living creatures
result in associations between their own kind, and destruction of abnormal,
sick, or deviant mutants. No new type could survive, nor find a similarly
abnormal mate to propagate a new dominant race. No new life forms are presently
evolving on earth. If evolutionary theory was true, examples would be evident.
The most helpless of animal of all, man. Is the dominant life form on earth -
the opposite of evolution theory of survival-of-the-fittest. In contrast, the
largest and strongest creatures, dinosaurs, have gone extinct.
9. Earth’s creation was brief (7000 years) and
cataclysmic, and its planned mortal existence will be equally brief (7000
years). All of earth’s mortal physical, chemical and organic life conditions
exist within this brief time. Dramatic, cataclysmic earth-forming changes
happened suddenly in brief time periods.
10. Evolution theory cannot account for realities
controlled by God’s power, such as:
* The change from Garden-of-Eden (no death or aging) to mortality at the “Fall.”
* The Flood.
* Division of the one-land-mass-earth into continents and islands.
* Origin of languages and races from the Tower of Babel
* Changing of earth and sun movements.
* Worldwide storms and destructions at Christ’s crucifixion.
* Plagues on Pharaoh by Moses.
* Red Sea crossing by
Moses.
* Raising of the dead and healings by Jesus.
* Millennial changes, burnings, restoration of
earth to a single land mass in
Terrestrial status.
* Eventual Celestialization of earth
* D&C 121:12
SATAN’S EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
Assumes
7.All life has a common ancestor and has evolved
gradually over millions of years into its present diversity of life forms and
species.
8.Genetic mutation over millions of years has caused
the present variety of living creatures, governed by survival-of-the-fittest
struggles for existence. This is called “natural selection.”
9.According to the theory of UNIFORMITY, the slow,
gradual physical/chemical processes evident today have always been the same -
e.g. chemical half-life, sedimentation rates, mountain building, polar ice
caps, global weather changes, etc. Geologic ages lasted millions of years,
undergoing slow, gradual changes.
10.There is no such thing as the Fall of Adam, and no
convincing evidence of a universal flood, changes in sun location, raising the
dead, resurrection, Garden of Eden or a God/Creator. Knowledge of the future is
impossible. Man invents his own gods as a crutch. As man matures emotionally and
intellectually he needs no crutch, and discards the need for a god or other
superstitions and beliefs in an unseen, supernatural power.
5 - 2
PRINCIPLES COMPARED
GOD’S CREATION - VS -
The Truth is
11. Christ has created worlds without number, which
are inhabited by God’s children, the same as this earth. Many earths have completed their temporal
lives and are now celestial. Many others now exist as this earth does. Others are being created. The process is
endless. All space is governed by orderly laws of the universe. All creations
are made for the benefit and progress of man.
Men, as Gods, are in charge of the universe and all of space, in
conformity with natural laws of the universe.
SATAN’S
EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
Assumes
11.Life may potentially exist on other planets in
space. Space seems endless, violent, chaotic and mysterious. Much is unknown, but science is discovering
more. The number of stars in our galaxy
are estimated to be in the millions. The number of galaxies visible from
earth’s telescopes appear numberless also.
With the wealth of revealed knowledge shown in
the previous chapters, anyone can feel prepared to answer some of the most
commonly asked questions concerning CREATION - VS - EVOLUTION. A few of hose questions are answered in the
following pages of Chapter 6.
5 - 3
CHAPTER 6 CREATION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Q1. Is it
possible that God used evolution as the process to create the earth and its
living things?
A NO, because the theory of evolution is
based on many false assumptions that:
1.
There is no God/Creator.
2.
The universe, earth and life are all the result of accumulative
accident, not an intelligent plan of deliberate creation.
3.
The forces of nature and the laws of space simply exist, and are not
controlled by any supreme being.
4.
Today’s apparent slow, gradual rate of geologic change on earth, eg.
Sedimentation, mutation, chemical half-life, etc. has always been the same over
millions of years (theory of uniformity, II Peter 3:3-9)
5.
All living things have evolved from a common ancestor in a family tree
originating from the ocean, in which non-living chemicals combined by chance
into a living one-celled form, and from that into today’s variety of complex
forms.
6.
Any living species can be caused to mutate into a changed form.
7.
The existing life forms are the successful, dominant species in a
continuous “natural selection” process governed by a supposed natural law of
the “survival-of-the-fittest,” in which strong forms survive and weak forms die
out of existence.
8.
There has always been death among living things on earth.
9.
The earth is millions of years old, and will likely continue to exist
for millions more.
10. There is no life after
death, no plan or destiny for man or other creatures hereafter.
11. There is no need for or
reality to the concept of a religious savior, no sin, no forgiveness, no
resurrection or life hereafter.
12. Earth will not be suddenly
changed from its present state into a Terrestrial Garden-of-Eden state again,
nor into a final Celestial globe as its ultimate eternal destiny as the home
for God’s most faithful children.
13. There is no such thing as
Three degrees of Glory in three separate kingdoms hereafter for mankind, based
upon the merits of earth life experiences.
14. It is unlikely that other
earths contain the same life forms as this earth, because all is random.
15. There was no pre-earth life
for man or other living creatures now on the earth.
Q2. Could earth have been created by God deliberately from pieces of
other worlds that were destroyed in space?
A NO, because:
1.
Each earth is created by God deliberately from “matter unorganized,”
not by accumulative accidents. Even such fundamental elements as oxygen are
organized into that element.
2.
The ultimate destiny of each earth, including its natural resources, is
to be Celestialized, not destroyed into chaotic fragments in space. All of each
earth’s life forms, coal, oil, etc. belong to that earth, not to any former
earths destroyed in space. Such chaos is not God’s plan. God’s plan is perfectly organized,
orderly and purposeful. It is
purposefully designed to bless and uplift mankind - God’s own offspring, and
consists of an intelligently-planned sequence of various conditions (states),
each of which is to last a specific period of time.
6 - 1
CREATION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Q3. Are there
other earths with human life on them?
A YES. God,
through His agent and Son, Jehovah/Jesus Christ, has created worlds without
number for the same purpose as this earth.
Many earths now exist; many have completed their probation and have been
Celestialized. As one earth graduates in its progress, another is created to
take its place. This Eternal Plan of Salvation is endless.
Q4 Where does
God live?
A God lives
on a Celestial globe (star), as this earth will become. The nearest creation to
God’s home is a star He named Kolob. Kolob is set to govern this earth and
others of our same order. ONE DAY ON KOLOB EQUALS 1000 YEARS ON EARTH.
All planets and stars are governed in their location, rotations and revolutions
by other superior stars. God’s galactic
creations in space seem as numberless as the grains of sand on the beaches, but
they are all known to Him and numbered by Him.
He made them all.
Q5 Is carbon
dating a correct and reliable measure of how old things are, including the
earth itself?
A NO. Any
man-made procedure which results in a dating that conflicts with the revealed,
true age of the earth is incorrect, and that procedure needs to be revised to
conform with truth. Such erroneous dating processes are based on human
assumptions and constants employed in formulas. For example, a carbon dating of
human bones which assigns them an age of more than about 6000 years is
incorrect. Adam was the first human
being on earth, placed here by the Creator in full intelligence as a prophet of
God. No life on earth can be more than about 6000 years of age since there
was no death or wearing out (aging) process prior to the Fall of Adam into
mortality (the start of aging and counting of time).
Life prior to Adam’s Fall existed in an endless,
timeless, ageless state. There was no wearing out process in either organic or
inorganic elements. The counting of time
and the mortal aging process all began simultaneously at the Fall of Adam for
all things on earth, about 6000 years ago.
Prideful science progresses gradually toward discovery
of truth. Once science discovers truth and comes into harmony with revealed
truth, than that science is perfected. Until then, science contains imperfections
in its concepts and practices - errors which need to be measured carefully
against the standard of revealed truth.
This earth is scheduled to exist in its mortal state,
since Adam’s Fall, for six God-days of 1000 years each. We are nearing the end of the sixth
millennium. Then the earth will be changed back into its Terrestrial
Garden-of-Eden state for the seventh and final millennium. Finally, earth will
be changed into its ultimate Celestial state, which, like God’s home, will last
forever.
Any dating formula based upon incorrect assumptions,
constants or principles will yield a predictably incorrect result. Science would
do well to accept all available evidences in its search for truth, including
scriptural, oral tribal histories and empirical data presently being ignored,
avoided or suppressed in favor of preferred theories of men. For those who
wonder what modern prophets and apostles have stated about the theory of
evolution, some choice statements follow in Chapter 7.
6 - 2
CHAPTER 7 STATEMENTS
BY LDS CHURCH LEADERS, AND MISSING LINKS
Statements by LDS Church
There is no evolution. Each species exists as God made
it. John Taylor, Mediation and Atonement p160
As man now is, God once was: As God now is, man may
be. Lorenzo Snow, Improvement Era
(Spring 1840) Vol. XXII No. 8 p. 656, June 1919.
“Evolution theory is false. Man began as intelligent
man, not from lower forms. Man can never discover the mystery of life’s origin,
but God has revealed much of it, and we are duty-bound to accept it. God made
each species, but only man is in God’s image.” LDS First Presidency: Joseph F. Smith, John R. Winder and Anthon H.
Lund.
Not only is the theory of evolution a false theory, it
is often perpetrated by deliberate deception, with fraudulent evidence. For
details, read chapters seven through eleven in Man, His Origin And Destiny,
by Joseph Fielding Smith. A sampling of some of his comments on the hypothesis
of organic evolution follows:
p. 136 This
question (of evolution) has never been answered successfully other than the
account in the scriptures ... there is no evidence that will support it
(evolution). All evidence points to the contrary.
p. 137 It
requires a vast stretch of the imagination, far beyond the realms of reason,
for one to accept such a theory as this. Does it not all sound extremely
ridiculous? Well, so it is! Yet it is this kind of rubbish that is put forth
apparently in all seriousness. Books are written about it; lectures are given
in classrooms, from pulpits and platforms, and thousands of well-meaning people
say they believe it.
p. 138 So we
find ourselves floundering in the depths of an unfathomable hypothesis about
which no one has been able to do more than make an uncertain guess.
My dear friends, cannot you see how utterly foolish it
all is? Why is it that thousands of intelligent-looking human beings are
willing to accept these stupid teachings? Frankly it is because Satan has
deceived them and they love darkness rather than light. (See II Thes. 2:8-12)
. . . Darwin Darwin
p. 140 The
evolutionist guesses himself away from God
7 - 1
STATEMENTS BY LDS CHURCH LEADERS, AND MISSING LINKS
p. 141 . .
. be prepared to ridicule these pseudo-scientists who come to you with guesses
instead of facts.
p. 142 If
the Bible said anything so idiotic as these guessers put forth in the name of
science, scientists would have a great time ridiculing the sacred pages . . .
. We have all read such silly things in
supposedly scientific articles. Surely an hypothesis is hard put to have to
resort to such foolish things as evidence.
p. 144 . .
. in all of (Darwin
p.144-57 (paraphrased)
Deceptions, restorations, imaginations, reconstructions, estimations,
misleadings, weird theories, hoaxes, presumptions and manufactured evidences to
fraudulently deceive have been used to convince the world of so-called
missing-link pre-humans, such as Trinil Ape Man, Neanderthal Man, Cro-Magnon
Man and Piltdown Man.
p. 157 . .
. the advocates of this pernicious theory go to the most ridiculous lengths and
resort to the most absurd conclusions based on imaginary discoveries and
fables. . . . they can create species
and groups and supply missing parts which in their imaginations disappeared
millions of years ago. . . and then the
plotters have been forced to resort to fraud and deception to bolster up their
futile attempts to prove a Satan-inspired cause, the real purpose being to
destroy faith in God.
p. 159 . .
. yet little or no notice is taken of any arguments against evolution, and
hence for the most part students hear only one side of the case.
p. 160 The
powers advocating evolution are now sitting in our schools, colleges,
scientific circles and controlling the press to a great extent.
p. 161 . .
. so they guess that once many millions of years ago, life must have come on
the earth spontaneously. They have no proof, they can discover no proof, and
before any court where justice is dispensed and evidence is required, their
case would have to be thrown out of court.
There is, I repeat, no greater crime than turning away
of our fellow man by the teachings of corrupt and malicious doctrines from the
true worship of their Heavenly and Eternal Father, the maker of all things.
p. 163 . .
. there is something more in life than the mere forces of chemistry and
physics.
p. 167 . .
. no inorganic substance has ever taken upon itself animation and developed
into life.
The Lord placed a line of demarcation between the
animal creation and the human family in the very beginning, before the
foundations of this earth were laid. In fact there is an eternal decree that
animals of different families, or species, shall remain separate from other
species, and there are bounds they cannot pass.
7 - 2
STATEMENTS BY
LDS CHURCH LEADERS, AND MISSING LINKS
THE MISSING LINKS
Figures 10 A – F
A APES
B TRINIL APE
MAN alias JAVA
MAN
C NEANDERTHAL
MAN
D PILTDOWN MAN
E MAN
F GEOLOGIC TIME
TABLE
7 – 3
STATEMENTS BY LDS CHURCH LEADERS, AND MISSING LINKS
THE MISSING LINKS, from MAN, HIS ORIGIN AND DESTINY, BY Joseph
Fielding Smith:
p.145 In
the American Museum of Natural History, New
York City
Each “missing link” supposedly represents an entire
evolutionary stage or race of beings, all of whom had that appearance and
development. Arranged left to right from oldest to youngest, these three
missing link busts are called Trinil Ape Man (Pithecantrhopus erectus),
Neanderthal Man and Cro-Magnon
Man.
P. 148 NEANDERTHAL
MAN: In 1856, in small cave at Neanderthal Gorge near Elberfield , Germany
There were no other artifacts or human tools with
these human bones. Dr. Rudolph Virchow, President of the Anthropological
Society of Berlin for thirty years, determined the skull to be a pathological
specimen. He further stated that he had seen similar skull shapes on modern men
who then walked the streets. Other scientists compared the sloping forehead to
the great Sir Henry Irving, to the renowned Marquis de Lafayette and to Rudyard
Kipling. Nevertheless, Neanderthal Man was placed in the middle of the three
“missing link” busts.
P. 150 TRINIL-APE
MAN: Dr. Eugene Dubois, a Dutch
military surgeon, found the following bones in central Java:
1.
In 1891 a small
piece of upper skull and molar teeth, on the left bank of the Solo River
2.
In 1892 a left
femur bone 50 feet from the site of the skull find, along with a second molar
tooth and another tooth from other locations nearby. Other bones had been
excavated from this overall site before and after these finds.
From these minor fragments, Dr. Dubois reconstructed
Trinil Ape Man (Java Man) and crowned him with the name, Pithecanthropus
erectus. Dubois even assigned it a brain capacity of 858 - 900 cc., and
declared it to represent an entire race of pre-men.
These Trinil bone fragments were shown in 1895 before
the Third International Congress of Zoologists in Leiden , Germany
7 - 4
STATEMENTS BY LDS CHURCH LEADERS, AND MISSING LINKS
MAN, HIS ORIGIN AND DESTINY, by Joseph Fielding Smith (cont.)
Even the organizer of the missing link bust sequence,
Professor Henry Fairchild Osborn, and his two aids at the American Museum
P.150 CRO-MAGNON
MAN: At Cro-Magnon, Dardogne , France
Stop for a moment and consider the absurdity of these
unscientifically-assembled creatures as ancestors of man.
1.
From a few bone
fragments, found under questionable circumstances, complete skulls were
reconstructed by imagination, and in opposition to recognized scientific
authorities, and declared to be proof of evolutionary links between apes and
man.
2.
In some cases,
from a few skeletal fragments, an entire skeletal frame was reconstructed with
its height, weight, and body posture determined, all by imagination.
3.
From the
reconstructed beings, the overzealous evolutionists declared them to be
representative of entire races which existed for centuries. From there, it was
an easy stretch of the imagination to assume their cultural life styles, living
standards, food and clothing habits, geographical spread, communications, self
defense and sex life.
All of this imagination science has been foistered
onto a gullible, modern world as truth, under the guise of science. What a shocking testimony of the unbelief of
the children of God. To use an evolutionary slur, Man’s enlarged cranial
capacity must not have been accompanied by a corresponding enlargement of the
substance within.
As imaginary and fraudulent as were Trinil Ape Man,
Neanderthal Man and Cro-Magnon Man, the extent of outright fraud in
evolutionary reconstructions was never to more evident than in the case of
PILTDOWN MAN:
About 1911, in a gravel road near Piltdown
Common , Sussex , England Dawson
7 - 5
STATEMENTS BY LDS CHURCH LEADERS, AND MISSING LINKS
MAN, HIS ORIGIN AND DESTINY, By Joseph Fielding Smith (cont.)
P. 152 Dawson
P. 155
Finally, in 1923, the Piltdown skull was declared an elaborate
hoax. Although the human cranial pieces
were genuine, the jaw and molars were of a modern ape which had been
deliberately filed down and stained, perhaps as a prank by the workmen on the
lawyer. Thus ended the evolutionary
claims for Piltdown Man as a missing link.
Piltdown Man hasn’t been the only hoax. Other
fraudulently-created primitive men have also been discovered and proven false,
such as LaQuina Lady, Heidelberg Man, Moustier Man and Peking Man. All were
fabricated from a few scattered bone fragments, lacking evidence, and whose
parents were imagination and deliberate deception. All found, for a brief time,
a gullible audience of evolutionary worshipers, as anxious to denounce God as a
mere theory as they were to believe in these frauds.
If you were a true seeker of truth, the information
presented so far will thrill your soul, and you will never be satisfied with
anything but the truth. Above all,
however, remember that the proof does not come by the mind alone, but by the
revelation from the Holy Spirit, which no science can measure. With the Apostle
Paul, I appeal to you to , Quench not the Spirit. Despise not prophesyings.
PROVE ALL THINGS; HOLD FAST TO THAT WHICH IS GOOD. (I Thes.5:19-21)
Chapter 8 will present some of the good evidences
commonly being ignored in the world today, in favor of false theories of men.
7 - 6
.
CHAPTER 8 EVIDENCES
IGNORED
Modern science, in its professed search for truth, has
frequently ignored, avoided or suppressed plain, clear, obvious evidences which
may appear to conflict with the pet theory of organic evolution. Our school students and society in general are
being robbed of exposure to these clear and stimulating evidences of earth’s
true composition, history and origin.
TRUE SCIENCE, if it would honestly and objectively follow the scientific
method of investigation would explode into a new age of discovery.
But can naked truth withstand the negative onslaught
from the traditional educational and “scientific” communities? Seldom on earth has the truth been accepted
by a majority of mankind - not in religion, not in science and not in
politics.
Following are some questions about our everyday earth
for which modern science still has no true answers, only theories. In his 21st century enlightenment,
man still does not know:
* What
gravity is.
* What
electricity is.
* What
caused the continents.
* How
mountains came to be.
* How the
sea became salty.
* What the
earth is like five miles beneath the surface.
* Where oil
came from.
* Whether
the earth has ever had a different axis than now.
* Why there
are more comets than planets.
* Why
planets orbit around the sun in eccentric paths, are variable in their
rotations upon their axes, move in differing directions around the sun, have
different atmospheres, have widely differing satellite moons, etc.
* How the
solar system originated.
In his book, WORLDS IN COLLISION, Immanual
Velikovsky presents many HUMAN EVIDENCES that are already known and
available for the truth seeker or honest scientist to analyze and evaluate.
These verified, written and oral histories describe events that have taken
place on earth during the lifetime of man.
Consider the significance of these historical facts, as
summarized below.
8 - 1
EVIDENCES
IGNORED
C
Most of the
surface of the earth has been broken up and altered by powerful and sudden
catastrophes in man’s historical times.
C
Earth’s highest Himalayan Mountains
C
The sea used to
cover the American continent’s Great Plains from Mexico
to Alaska
C
Bones of modern
man are found deposited together with bones of extinct animals in “early
prehistoric” deposits in many places around the globe.
C
Remnants of
tropical coral reefs are found with palm trees in the present North Polar
Circle.
C
Antarctica has coal
deposits.
C
At least four
Ice Ages have occurred in the historic times of man.
C
The continents of
the Western and Eastern Hemispheres separated before the Ice Ages
occurred.
C
The Ice Age of
tropical Africa moved northward, and the Ice Age of India moved northward
toward the Himalayan
Mountains
C
Africa, North
America and Europe had Ice Caps, while frigid Asia and Siberia
were free of Ice Cap evidence.
C
The Mammoth
elephants of Siberia , found first in 1799,
were “quick frozen” with identifiable food in their mouths and stomachs. Their flesh was edible and fresh when thawed,
and their hair and hides were perfectly preserved. The food they customarily
ate was growing around them in a warm-temperate to tropical climate at the time
of their “quick freeze.” Great quantities
of Mammoth tusks wash up on the shores of arctic islands.
C
Pictographs by
man, and mass graves of mixed animals and man show that “prehistoric” Mammoths
lived in historic times of man.
C
North American
Indian natives migrated northward, following the receding Ice Cap of the Ice
Age.
C
All world
cultures have oral histories of violent world-wide catastrophes which changed
the earth several times, and which involved floods, hurricanes , earthquakes
and fires.
C
Several cultures
report that the sun stood still in the sky and did not set. Some report that
the sun went sown, but the sky remained light as day all night until the sun
rose again the next day.
C
The skies rained
down burning stones and liquid material.
C
Enormous boulders
weighing more than 10,000 tons are found in erratic locations, great distances
from their original sources.
8 - 2
EVIDENCES IGNORED
C
Great
comet-planet bodies have passed close to the earth in historical times of man.
C
Seas and rivers
boiled, mountains melted, coastlines sank in the sea, valleys became mountains,
great slabs of earth were ripped up into the air and disintegrated, volcanoes
erupted, water piled up high into the sky, ocean waves crashed over the land,
bed rocks were broken up, etc.
C
Seasons and day
lengths have been disturbed, and new calendars had to be created following
various historical catastrophes of global scale.
C
The sun used to
set in the East and rise in the West. It
has reversed its position at least four times in man’s history.
C
North and South
poles have changed location four times in man’s history.
C
Some igneous
rocks are magnetized in a direction opposite to the earth’s present magnetic
field orientation.
Velikovsky’s exhausting collection of evidences is
especially credible, because he does not attempt to ascribe these events to
divine agency. To the contrary, he makes
clear his effort to assign their cause to natural forces. He avoids God, but is fiercely truthful in exposing
available evidences.
In his other book, EARTH IN UPHEAVAL,
Velikovsky digs deep into the earth’s crust for solid GEOLOGIC EVIDENCES
which testify of sudden catastrophic events which shaped our earth. Consider
these testimonies from the earth itself, and compare them with the slow Amillions-of-years@
changes professed by the theory of evolution.
Whereas Velikovsky ascribes the cause of these cataclysmic events to
passing planets, the authors of Chapter 9 point to the Flood of Noah. Both may be correct, since at least four
major cataclysms are evidenced.
MASS GRAVES
Gold mining diggings near Fairbanks ,
Alaska and the Tanana Valley
in the Yukon
8 - 3
EVIDENCES
IGNORED
MASS GRAVES (cont.)
In caves and valleys of England ,
Scotland , Wales and France
Visualize Northern Britain . Here, animals and plants from tundra,
temperate oak forests, deserts and jungles of many latitudes and altitudes,
from salt oceans of North and South, and from fresh water rivers were all
thrown together in quick successions into mass graves in chaotic fashion and
buried alive, unnaturally, together with bones of extinct animals.
In the United States ,
from the Great Lakes to Arizona
Mixtures of animal
bones from far distant latitudes are found in a cave near Cumberland , Maryland
The same situation exists near Peking ,
China , where masses of
animal bones with human bones from Europe, Malaysia
In Europe, hilltop rock fissures from England to the Mediterranean
contain bones of extinct and existing animals, thrown and buried together
chaotically hundreds of feet above sea level. Bones of animals from widely
differing climates and habitats are piled together in mass grave heaps. These bones are badly broken, but not decayed
or marked by predators, and no feces are found.
Among them are human fragments and artifacts. All ages of animals are found together, even
fetuses, yet with no evidence of weathering before their sudden, abnormal
burial, in recent time.
Near Britain’s North Sea shore are remains of
former forests whose roots were sheared off about three feet below ground. Among these upright forest stumps are found
the remains of 60 species of mammals, plus birds, frogs, snakes and 68 species
of plants. These dead animals were native of tropical, temperate and northern
climates. Six of the large mammal
species still live on earth. The plant
species, however, are of temperate climate, like the area today. Lying immediately on top of this North Sea forest graveyard is a fresh water deposit
containing arctic plants and land shells. Upon the Arctic
bed lies an ocean (marine) deposit.
Mass graveyards of widely differing species from
various climates are also found in Germany
and Switzerland
8 - 4
EVIDENCES
IGNORED
Mastodons and other extinct mammals were buried
suddenly and violently in Kentucky , San Pedro
California, John Day Oregon , Colorado
and the Southeastern United States . In the
famous La Brea asphalt tar pits near Los
Angeles
At the Agate Spring Quarry in Sioux County , Nebraska
On the Atlantic coast of Florida ,
remains of human bones and pottery lie together with bones of animals now
extinct or not presently native to North America .
All were buried at the same time.
Dead lakes in Nevada
FORESTS
Siberian polar regions contain remains of enormous petrified forests in
wildly-strewn masses, mingled with animal bones, ashes, and ice, all
quick-frozen in hills 180 to 300 feet thick! Britain ’s
North Sea buried forest has already been
described as having a similar fate.
SHORE LINES
Large areas on many continents have experienced three
or four drastic changes from dry land to fresh water or oceanic inundations.
Bones of ocean whales are found in post-glacial deposits in Michigan ,
in Canada at 400 to
600 feet above sea level, and on farms of the Gulf States
far south of the ice caps of North America . The St Lawrence River canyon extends
250 miles out into the North Atlantic Ocean
floor. New England ’s
coast was once forested.
Farther south, the Atlantic Ocean surf only recently
began to wash against the eastern foot of the Appalachian
Mountains ; the land has dropped. Recently the sea flooded the Great
Plains from Mexico to Alaska Georgia and ice-age
animals are found in marine deposits of arid Texas
In China
In South
America, Darwin Andes Mountain Darwin
climbed to 7000 feet into a petrified forest of broken trees, where he recorded
that the soil beneath his feet had once been at sea level by the Atlantic ocean - now 700 miles to the east. In other
words, much of modern Argentina
and Chile
8 - 5
EVIDENCES
IGNORED
At the southern end of Lake Titicaca (eleva.
12,500 feet) in South America’s Andes
Mountains Andes have
risen since this city was built! The
lake bed is now tilted so that its high
water line is 90 to 360 feet lower than before the uplift of the
continent. This city was lifted
12,500 feet vertically in historic times, less than 4000 years ago, to an
elevation now scarcely inhabitable by man! Surely even Darwin
Some 1200 miles east of the USA’s Atlantic coast,
beneath 2 to 3 2 miles ocean water, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge,
are coastal beaches undisturbed, with sediments too thin to measure. Yet sediments on nearby ridge slopes are
thousands of feet thick. That ridge was once above sea level, and the valley
floor was very recently sunk! In the Great Lakes region, the ancient Lake Agasiz
Utah’s Lake Bonneville was once 1000 feet deeper than the present high water
line of Great Salt Lake . Four distinct lake
shore lines are visible along the Wasatch
Mountains from Interstate-15 near Salt Lake City , Utah Jackson , Wyoming
Africa’s Lake Victoria had a water line 300 feet higher, and the rivers
in that region once flowed in the opposite direction! The Nile River
A Hawaiian beach has raised 1200 feet. Other islands
of the Pacific had similar experiences.
In the Atlantic, the Bermuda
surf lines show elevation changes from 100 feet below sea level to 25 feet
above, in sudden movements. Similar shoreline changes appear in Samoa , South Africa ,
Brazil , Australia , the Indian Ocean
and the US Atlantic Coast.
There was a world-wide rise of land and a drop of the
ocean level about 1500 B.C.! At that same time, the North Sea coast
dropped, drowning Europe ’s coastal regions.
Buried forests, mass animal graves and sunken cities are evidences of that
sudden drop.
CITIES AND HABITATIONS
Vast catastrophes repeatedly devastated the old world cities of Asia Minor, Crete, Mesopotamia ,
Iran , Syria , Egypt ,
Palestine , Cyprus
and the Caucasus during recent Bronze and
Neolithic ages.
Lakeshore human inhabitants in Europe
in 1800 B.C. lived in houses built on poles, which were suddenly buried
by mud and sand, then rebuilt in 1200 B.C., only to be re-buried again by a
high water catastrophe in the 8th century B.C. and never
rebuilt. At these two natural
disasters, the lake beds were tilted on a massive scale all over Europe,
not long before Rome conquered Europe . Thick populations of humans and animals
disappeared, and the climate changed drastically! Active mines and
mountain passes in the Alps were abandoned.
8 - 6
EVIDENCES
IGNORED
Drastic changes in climate, vegetation and human
prosperity are noted in Europe,
Africa and Scandinavia about 2500 B.C.
to 800 B.C. Some periods had year-round snowfall and winter climates.
Great civilizations ended abruptly in Egypt ,
India , Asia Minor and Europe about 1500 B.C. and 700 to 800 B. C. At about the
time of Moses’ exodus from Egypt
(1500 B.C.), a great catastrophe of earthquake and volcanic activity destroyed
the Mediterranean island
of Crete
ICE AGES, ICE
CAPS AND GLACIERS
Earth’s Ice Ages formed and receded four times in
rapid, but erratic succession, in recent historical times of man! The various ice ages came suddenly, but not
at the earth’s present poles. They occurred in temperate latitudes: Canada , India ,
Africa, Europe, Madagascar
and equatorial Brazil Northeast Siberia , where only
marks of water invasion show. Northern Greenland once grew subtropical plants.
Ice caps, once two miles thick suddenly
disappeared. The heat required to form
an ice age cap is equal to the heat needed to melt a body of iron five
times larger than the ice cap that resulted! Even if the sun disappeared and
the earth lost all its heat, there would be no Ice Age! Earth’s water
masses would freeze in place, but there would be no ice cap formation over a
land mass. TO FORM AN ICE CAP requires first enough heat to evaporate
the water bodies sufficiently to put adequate moisture vapor into the
atmosphere. Then, there would follow a
sudden ice deposit at the two polar axes. Only an energy source external to
the earth could initiate this catastrophic sequence! What unusual forces could suddenly heat the
earth’s water bodies enough to fill the atmosphere with moisture, then cause
that atmospheric water to suddenly condense as snow and ice in a concentrated
ice cap, instead of falling as rain or snow world wide?
Measurements of the Niagara Falls Alps glaciers are only 4000 years old. China ’s red loam soil is red due to a drastic
temperature change, Similar red-colored clay is found across the surface of the
Western Hemisphere, and on the Pacific Ocean
floor, indicating sudden cold temperatures.
FAULTS, RIFTS AND DESERTS
Earth’s longest fault runs from Syria to the tip of South Africa Dead Sea . Enormous East-West tension pulled the
earth’s crust apart, causing violent lava flows to spew from this awesome
fissure. Similar tension rifts are found on the moon.
8 - 7
EVIDENCES
IGNORED
Oral traditions among nearby African natives reveal
that this global-scale rift happened in the time of historic man, at the same
time that the great Sahara
Desert
Arabia previously had great rivers, lakes and geysers, but today is a waterless desert. Southern Arabia was
once as lushly vegetated as neighboring India Arabia , but ended suddenly. The great Gobi
Desert region of Mongolia became dried up as suddenly as did the
Arabian and Sahara
Deserts
MOUNTAINS
Earth’s highest mountains, the Himalayas, rose from
beneath the sea some 3000 feet and uplifted Southward during the recent Ice
Age, while man lived on the adjoining plains. That ice Age ended
during the great ancient cultures of China ,
India , Egypt Himalayas
occurred in the life of modern man.
Man’s polished stone artifacts are found in the formations of wind-blown
glacial clay soils (loess). Earth’s highest mountains are her youngest. The
geology is obvious, yet men prefer to believe an evolutionary myth.
The Himalayan foot hills of India contain enormous
fossil beds of both extinct and modern mammals, which originated in temperate and tropical jungle
climates, and from the sea. All were buried suddenly and violently together
in several repeat catastrophes. All
of Southeast Asia was affected by these
disasters. Similar deposits lie in Burma
All of earth’s greatest mountain ranges demonstrate
clear geologic evidence of indescribable,
overpowering natural violence that ripped earth’s surface well into recent
historic times of man. Modern
earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are merely mild readjustments, relieving
stresses lingering from these recent cataclysms.
Every segment of planet earth testifies of repeated
upheavals. The Alps and Juras, Gibraltar and Sicily ,
Himalayas, Andes, Rockies and both the Atlantic
and Pacific Ridges are all historic events in the time of man! Mountain
ranges thousands of miles long uplifted, overturned, folded and over-thrusted,
with individual fault planes 20 to 40 miles long. Igneous volcanic deposits 10,000 to 30,000
feet thick spewed out in flows of continental dimensions! In Norway and Scotland
In the mountain-building process, volcanic forces
were unleashed suddenly, melting solid rock into plastic and liquid forms,
fracturing and metamorphosing existing sedimentary and igneous beds. The
entire surface of the earth was drastically altered in these events. North
America’s entire Rocky
Mountain Europe
on top of more recent formations. In the process, The Matterhorn was
overturned! The Alps contain stone-age
artifacts of recent man, uplifted now to uninhabitable glacial zones. Either the Alps
raised since the Ice Age and carried man’s artifacts up with them, or you must
believe men of temperate climate could inhabit 8,000 foot elevations during an
Ice Age.
8 - 8
EVIDENCES IGNORED
ERRATIC BOULDERS
Huge boulders marked by water erosion are scattered
erratically among the hills and valleys of Southern China . Boulders from Canada
cover New England and the Great Lakes area,
some weighing 10,000 to 18,000 tons each! Enormous boulders from the Alps are
resting high up on the Jura Mountains to the
West of their origin. From Norway ’s mountains huge boulders are scattered
over Germany and England Finland
lie in Poland and Moscow , Russia Sweden
COAL AND OIL
Coal beds 13,000 feet thick exist on earth. Lignite
coal is made of trees partially converted into coal. Soft Bituminous coal more
brittle; it’s plant parts are identifiable, and it contains sulphur. Anthracite
coal (hard coal) is metamorphosed Bituminous coal. Some coal beds show 40 to
1000 successive beds overlying each other, with some individual beds over 50
feet thick - laid down in one sudden deposit. Salt water animal bodies are fossilized into
these temperate-forest coal beds, along with boulders from far away origins,
tropical coral and vertebrates from all over the globe.
How could so many coal layers occur? It would take a
forest 6,000 feet thick to compress into one 50-foot thick coal bed. What heat
source converted great forests into coal under anaerobic combustion? How did
some patches of tree leaves survive the process still green within those coal
beds? How could insect colors, animal skins and flesh remain preserved and
un-decayed within some spots in those coal beds far beneath the earth’s
surface? Coal was created under cataclysmic
circumstances, NOT by the traditionally-accepted slow accumulation process,
as purported by the theories of uniformity and organic evolution. Similarly, oil in the Gulf of Mexico was deposited only a few thousand years
ago, NOT a few million years ago.
CONTINENTAL SHIFTS
Why did land masses of Europe, Siberia and North America move first away from their original single
land mass toward the equator, and then retreat away from the equator? Or did the equator move? The continents both of the Eastern and
Western Hemispheres separated from each other before the Ice Ages occurred.
MAGNETISM
The universe is naturally electro-magnetically
charged. Planets are electrically
charged bodies. Sun spots and comet tails are also electrically charged. Light
from stars is polarized. Our sun and its
planets share an electrical balance mechanism.
Solar tides in earth’s atmosphere are 16 times stronger than are the
lunar tides on earth.
Liquid magma on earth is non magnetic. But when it
cools into rock, it becomes magnetized in an orientation in line with and
determined by the earth’s magnetic field at that location on the globe.
8 - 9
EVIDENCES IGNORED
In all parts of our globe, igneous rocks are found
which show a magnetism reversed from the earth’s current magnetic field
orientation. This verifies that the earth’s
magnetic field was reversed at the time that those rocks cooled, compared with
the earth’s current magnetic orientation. In addition, the rocks of
reverse polarity are more strongly magnetized than earth’s current magnetic
field can account for - up to 10 to 100 times stronger! An external magnetic field large enough to
shift the earth’s axis, such as a large passing comet or planet, could also be
strong enough to polarize new magma flows to this degree. Such an event could
be the likely cause of such flows from the earth’s disturbed crust.
Paleomagnetic evidence shows that the earth’s
geomagnetic poles have reversed several times - the most recent in historic
times of man. The moon also demonstrates
recent catastrophic volcanic activity caused by an external force.
EARTH’S AXIS
When a mass of matter (earth) rotates about an axis
like a gyroscope, it cannot make itself change, and rotate about a new axis. Only an external force can cause a change in
axis. Internal forces cannot alter the axis, the rotation speed or
direction of the mass.
Earth’s surface has never changed sufficient to
deflect its own poles even one half dozen miles, let alone a half-dozen
degrees! Moon tidal forces are inadequate
to move the earth’s crust. The earth
presently rotates with a slight wobble, indicating a possible displacement of
the axis in the past. Yet earth’s magnetic poles have reversed several
times.
METEORS
The entire Atlantic Coastal plain from New Jersey to Florida Western Arabia
is covered by sharp, black stones from recent comet-sized meteorites.
UNIFORMITY (GRADUAL CHANGE) - VS - CATASTROPHISM
(SUDDEN CHANGE)
The false theory of ORGANIC EVOLUTION is based upon
the equally false theory of UNIFORMITY.
UNIFORMITY, the brain child of Charles Lyell, states that today’s slow
rate of observable geologic change has always been the same, and that every
change takes millions of years. UNIFORMITY defies actual evidences of repeated
sudden and violet changes - catastrophes.
Charles Darwin, a devotee of Lyell, made one
round-the-world trip by sea as his primary field experience in geology and
paleontology. Most of his observations
were in South America , made from aboard
ship! From this trip came his theory of
the origin of species - the theory of ORGANIC EVOLUTION.
8 - 10
EVIDENCES IGNORED
Evolutionary concepts of NATURAL SELECTION and
SURVIVAL-OF-THE-FITTEST cannot explain the sudden extinction of entire races of
living creatures, many of which were better suited to survive in their
environment than are some living species. Larger animals went extinct more
easily than smaller ones, which seemed less able to survive the global
catastrophes.
No new species have evolved into existence, but
several species have become extinct. No
existing species has changed beyond its genetic limits. Not even scientifically-accelerated
cross-breeding has or can produce a new species/race. Slow evolutionary chance processes are
mathematically incapable of creating new species forms of life. The body’s response to external influences
cannot change the hereditary genetic code inborn into the body’s cells.
AGE DATING
Tree ring studies of earth’s oldest trees, 3200 B.C.
years (1300 B.C.) show drastic climatic conditions between 750 B.C. and 685 B.C. Drastic weather changes affected Europe,
Africa and Scandinavia about 2500 B.C. to 800
B.C. Great changes in ocean levels
occurred about 1500 B.C.
Radiocarbon dating methods are inadequate for telling
the earth’s age. Carbon dating is
based upon cosmic rays hitting earth’s upper atmosphere and breaking nitrogen
atoms into hydrogen and radioactive carbon (unstable carbon with two extra
electrons). The radioactive carbon is then combined with oxygen into CO2, which
is mostly absorbed into the ocean, with some incorporated into plant and animal
issues.
At the death of an organism, the half-life of the
radiocarbon can be measured. But, the
accuracy is limited to just those organic objects from 1000 years to 20,000
years old. In addition, fossil bones and shells are unsuitable for carbon
dating, because organic carbon is easily lost in the fossilization
process. Honest carbon dating
produces Ice Age dates of only 3000 years ago.
Carbon dating ASSUMES that: 1) Cosmic radiation has always been the same (Uniformity
theory), and 2) The amount of ocean water has always been the same (Uniformity
theory), since most radiocarbon is absorbed by the ocean.
SUMMARY OF VELIKOVSKY’S EVIDENCES
Our planetary system is characterized by active
processes and rapid changes. Great catastrophes have altered the earth -
climatic, volcanic and tectonic catastrophes. The ocean floors have experienced
repeated volcanic catastrophes, with great upheavals evident in the Arctic
Ocean, Siberian tundras, Alaska, Greenland, England, Wales, France, the Alps
and Jura Mountains, Gibraltar, Sicily, Sahara, Africa, Arabia, Himalaya
Mountains, Burma, China, Andes Mountains, California, Rocky Mountains, Columbia
Plateau, Maryland, Nebraska, Michigan, Vermont, Carolina, Atlantic Ridge and Pacific
bottom. EVERY SEGMENT OF EARTH
TESTIFIES OF REPEATED CATASTROPHIC UPHEAVALS!
False theories of UNIFORMITY, ORGANIC EVOLUTION and
the Ice Ages are void of evidence. All
theories of gradual change are scientifically inadequate.
8 - 11
EVIDENCES IGNORED
The ocean floor lacks evidence of the thick sediments
expected if the ocean had always covered the floor unchanged. The world’s highest mountains were once
beneath the ocean. The continents have
been sea-covered several times. Former
land areas are now beneath the sea. Several sea bottoms are now dry land.
Consider these important questions:
Why is gravity stronger over deep oceans?
Why haven’t Ice Ages recurred at regular intervals?
The most plausible theory that meets the criteria to account for the actual
evidences revealed on earth is that of periodic changes in the earth’s axis,
caused by an external force, such a passing comet or planet – Venus, perhaps.
IN PLACE OF THE SLOW, GRADUAL CHANGES PROPOSED BY THE
THEORY OF EVOLUTION, RECONSTRUCT THE EVENTS AS THE EARTH ITSELF TESTIFIES THEY
TOOK PLACE:
Due to an external force, the earth’s axis was
shifted suddenly. Air and water masses would continue to move in their
former directions by inertia, causing hurricanes and tidal waves over
continents, carrying huge boulders, forests, gravel, sand and living
creatures to be dashed about in violent chaos over the land masses.
This change in axis would develop great friction
heat in the earth’s crust, resulting in catastrophic fractures and lava eruptions,
forcing some sea floors upward in places, making some valleys into mountains,
and dropping some previous mountains and land areas to lower elevations. The entire shape of the earth’s surface would
be rapidly changed.
Some mountains would be slid plastically up and over
other land masses, bending, folding, fracturing and faulting drastically in the
heat and pressure of movement. Lakes
would tilt and empty, while river systems would change courses and even direction
of flow. Some sea coasts would rise above sea level, while others would
collapse their coastal habitations into a watery grave in seconds.
Forests would explode into fire and be ripped away in
mass by hurricanes and tidal waves. Sea
floors would rise and empty, becoming inland valleys and barren deserts. Moved
by earth’s readjusting rotational forces, global-scale tides and hurricanes
would slosh back and forth from poles to equator, as the earth sought stability
on its new axis, repeatedly carrying waves of destruction debris, alternately
excavating and depositing layers of mixed material from global sources.
Nearly every climate would be changed. Many creatures and humans would be
annihilated. , Earth’s atmosphere would
fill with moisture evaporated by the intense frictional heat. Dense atmospheric
dust from hurricanes and volcanic eruptions would obscure the sun.
Former glaciers and polar ice caps would suddenly
break apart and melt rapidly. Beneath a sunless sky filled with moisture
and particulate matter, the new poles would rapidly be buried under
incredible deposits of snow and ice, quick-freezing everything in its frigid
zone of influence, as the earth would wobble erratically toward a new stable
rotation on its new axial alignment.
8 - 12
EVIDENCES IGNORED
Once the chaos settled, the earth would show an almost
completely changed topography and climatic distribution. There would be new mountains, valleys,
coastlines, river systems and lakes.
Everywhere there would be profuse and extensive deposits of layers of
debris. It would be an almost newly
re-shaped earth surface.
Those living creatures which survived would face the
task of adjusting to new climates, geographic features, food and shelter
requirements, sunrise/sunset orientations and calendar calculations.
Intelligent human survivors would obviously preserve some kind of written or
oral history of such a cataclysmic event.
At least four major catastrophes are recorded in human histories. The earth itself has recorded the physical
evidences, for those humans intelligent enough to believe the evidences that
abound!
Most human survivors would also be quick to ascribe
their survival to their creator, in whose hands the external force was applied,
for reasons best known to deity.
8 - 13
CHAPTER 9 CHRISTIAN
SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
Whereas in Chapter 8, the author, Velikovsky, ascribes the cause of earth’s major
cataclysms to passing planets changing earth’s axis, the authors of Chapter 9
focus on Noah’s Flood. From THE GENESIS
FLOOD, by John C. Whitcomb Jr. and Henry M. Morris, scientific evidences are
examined which seriously expose and challenge the foolishness of modern
geologic illogic, namely the twin false theories of UNIFORMITY and ORGANIC
EVOLUTION. Some of the more obvious
evidences, particularly from Chapters V, VI and VII of their book are
summarized in this chapter 9. Page
numbers at the left margin of this chapter are approximate references to their
pages in THE GENESIS FLOOD.
CHAPTER V of “THE GENESIS FLOOD”
p. 149 - The vast Columbia Plateau of America’s
Northwest is covered by water-eroded canyons, hanging valleys, dry waterfalls,
basins and bizarre geologic/geographic features which testify of a sudden, vast
flood - the only type of force capable of creating these features.
p. 151 - The Grand Canyon is the geologist’s pride and
joy, his showcase of uniformity, of supposedly gradual erosion processes. This semi-arid Colorado Plateau region covers
250,000 square miles in four states, displaying mostly horizontal sedimentary
layers thousands of feet thick collectively. But its sediments are of marine
(ocean) origin.
The entire region has been uplifted from far below sea
level to more than a mile above sea level. This uplifting process took place in
several stages, and is not unique. A similar plateau three times larger and
formed in similar fashion exists in Tibet
First, these marine sediments were deposited
rapidly in a brief, continuous period of time. Then came the great
regional uplift, fracturing the crust deeply. The erosion which formed the Grand Canyon spectacle we see today occurred while the
sediment layers were still relatively soft, and under the influence of much
greater volumes of water than present today. While the entire region was
still near sea level, it developed a typically flat-land stream meander
pattern, in which the rivers eroded laterally into those soft sediments. The sudden regional uplift caused rapid down
cutting, but it still followed the previously established flat-land meander
patterns.
p. 161 - In the famous Bone Bed of Agate Springs,
Nebraska are found thousands of fossil animals, buried and solidified in a
horizontal, water-deposited layer for a large distance in a limestone hill.
Within this layer are fossils of rhinoceros, camel, giant bear and numerous
exotic animals, all suddenly packed together in a scene of mass chaos.
P. 166-167 - Remarkably clear tracks of
three-toed dinosaurs are found in the Cretaceous rock surface in
Texas, only inches away from equally clear foot prints of a giant human. Tracks made in soft mud, as these obviously
were, usually disintegrate rapidly. How and why did these side-by-side
dinosaur and human footprints become preserved as solid rock immediately after
they were made in the mud of the Paluxy
River Bed near Glen Rose, Texas
9 - 1
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
The evolutionists’ theory that such dinosaurs became
extinct some 70 billion years before man evolved is here shown to be absurd and
grossly false! Both dinosaurs and men were co-habitants in Texas Arizona ,
near Mt. Whitney California, near the White Sands in New Mexico
In 1842, a human skull was found within a Tertiary-age
coal bed in Saxony , Germany Mining Academy in Freiburg .
The coal bed is supposedly millions of years older than man. In other words, real
fossils of man, geology’s most recent creature, are found imbedded within the
supposedly ancient pre-historic geologic coal deposits. How?
p. 176-177 -
Lizard-like Beakhead reptiles supposedly went extinct 135 million years
ago, by the geologists’ Geologic Time Table. Their fossils are found in
Cretaceous and older rocks, but none in younger rocks. Yet, the Tuatara Beakhead lizards still live
in New Zealand New Zealand
p. 178 - A
living specimen of the extinct coelacanth fish, whose fossils are
abundant in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic (500 to 370 million years) strata, was
photographed by the London Times in 1939. That same year, other primitive
crustaceans were found in New
Zealand
Mollusks,
which supposedly went extinct 280 million years ago, were dug up alive in the
1950's from ocean floor mud 11,700 feet deep off Central America’s Acapulco
Trench. Why haven’t Mollusk fossils so common in Paleozoic strata been found in
more recent Mesozoic or Tertiary marine strata?
In 1953, a primitive crustacean was dredged from
shallow mud in Long Island Sound. Its closed relative, Lepidocaris,
lived in Middle Devonian time, 300 million years ago, geologists claim.
p. 179 - Fossil remains of the tree Metasequoia
are widely distributed over Northern Hemisphere rocks, and dated by geologists
from 60 to 300 million years ago. They say those trees went extinct 20 million
years ago, with no fossils known in rocks younger than Miocene. Yet an entire stand of Metasequoia trees
lived in China in 1948,
which was studied by a paleobotanist from the University of California
p. 180-193 -
Rock strata are dated by geologists according to the fossils they contain,
based on the Geologic Time Table. How do
they explain why and how enormous land areas covering hundreds of thousands of
square miles contain older strata on top of younger strata? It must be
explained, not ignored!
9 - 2
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
Near Yellowstone
National Park , Wyoming
Larger examples of similarly reverse-aged beds are
found in Glacier National
Park , in Canada ,
France and Switzerland
evidence of grinding, sliding, shearing or fracturing
forces at the contact line between these reverse-aged strata! The upper
layers were obviously deposited upon the lower.
p. 200 - The theory of UNIFORMITY is utterly
inadequate to explain the earth’s most significant geologic features. Neither
the character nor the rates of the earth’s geologic forces of erosion,
glaciation, deposition and volcanism have continued uniformly and
unchanged over the ages. Yet, UNIFORMITY
remains as the BASIC GEOLOGIC PRINCIPLE, despite worldwide evidences of
repeated catastrophism.
CHAPTER VI of THE GENESIS FLOOD
THE FIRST TWO LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS
p. 222 - The first and Second Laws of Thermodynamics
operate upon two master concepts: ENERGY and ENTROPY. These two natural laws
describe the behavior of matter, both when it is in a state of equilibrium and
when it changes from one state of equilibrium to another. All physical,
chemical, biological and geological processes operate according to these FIRST
TWO LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS. Matter itself is a form of energy.
THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS -
ENERGY.
This law of energy conservation affirms that,
although energy can be converted from one form to another, the total amount of
energy remains unchanged. Energy is
neither created not destroyed; IT EXISTS!
THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS -
ENTROPY
Although the total amount of energy remains unchanged,
at each energy conversion to another form, less energy remains available for
useful work, because some energy is released in the conversion. This loss of
available energy is called ENTROPY.
Friction and heat are two common examples of ENTROPY.
Point #1. During Creation, matter and energy were
organized into higher and more complex systems. That’s what Creation is -
organization into higher forms, not degenerating into lower conditions.
Point #2. During the Garden of Eden time, and before
the Fall of Adam, all created things, living and non-living, existed in a
suspended state of endless constancy, with neither any more creation, nor
deterioration.
9 - 3
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
Point #3. But after
the Fall of Adam, the earth and all other created things associated with
it, living and non-living, began a steady degeneration or decay (ENTROPY)
toward a less organized state. This ENTROPY, including aging, death, decay
and radioactive half-life, did not begin until after the Fall of Adam.
Earth today is still degenerating under the SECOND LAW
OF THERMODYNAMICS toward a less organized state o disorder, disorganization and
disarrangement. This physical law verifies that the Fall of Adam brought
death into existence on earth for the first time! Since then, all things
wear out, lose energy (ENTROPY) and eventually die and decay to a lower state.
The contrast between Creation and Evolution should now
appear more obvious than ever.
First, the
theory of Uniformity assumes that all physical and biological processes on
earth have always proceeded at today’s same slow rate. This is, of course, exactly the opposite of
the Creation story, in which organizational events happened suddenly, by
external sources of power (God’s will).
Second,
the other twin theory, Evolution, claims that biological processes on earth
changed from lower forms to higher forms over enormous lengths of time,
resulting in forms of greater organization, complexity and selective ability to
survive into positions of dominance.
BOTH THEORIES DEFY THE LAWS OF NATURE (THE FIRST TWO
LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS). BOTH OF THE TWIN THEORIES (Uniformity and Evolution)
ARE PROVEN FALSE BY THE FIRST TWO LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS!
p.224 - Geology may observe and classify the strata of
the earth’s crust as it exists today, but it is powerless to reconstruct or
identify the order of events during this earth’s origin. WHY? BECAUSE THOSE
CREATION PROCESSES AND CONDITIONS NO LONGER OPERATE. The earth is now under an
entirely different set of conditions - mortality. Creation dynamics are
passed. Creation is no longer taking
place. Today we and everything associated with this earth are all subject to
the SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS. This law rules as ruthlessly as time; it
cannot be changed, stopped or denied by any person or force on earth, only by
the Creator. ENTROPY REIGNS today and
every day since the Fall of Adam, until the Creator, Jesus Christ, intervenes
once again, to move the earth and man closer toward the final eternal destiny
that was originally pre-planned before the earth was ever formed. The next
major divine intervention will introduce the prophesied Seventh Day of earth’s
mortal existence, the MILLENNIUM.
p. 226 - It is as impossible to convert a land
vertebrate into a fish as it is to turn a fish into a land vertebrate. No
amount of time will make it happen! The evidences of so-called
micro-evolution within given species are not only irrelevant, but are actually
denials of the very theory of evolution which claims them as proof! Any
true evolution would show creative changes toward higher states of
organization, greater complexity and order.
But the mutations which evolutionists claim to be the very vehicle of
evolutionary progress are deteriorations from a higher state to a lower state! MUTATIONS ARE DESTRUCTIVE, NOT CREATIVE! THEY
CAUSE LOWER, DEFECTIVE FORMS, NOT HIGHER! Mutations verify ENTROPY. They render
organisms LESS able to survive and reproduce, not more able.
9 - 4
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
Evolution has been merely ASSUMED to be true, despite
absence of scientific evidence to support it, and in direct contradiction to
known laws of nature. Making truth out of this enormous lie is one of the
greatest paradoxes in all history or science. Remember, when you ASS-U-ME, you
make an ASS out of U and ME. How Satan, the father of lies, must laugh at the
children of God.
When men deny God as Creator, and deny His word as
truth, they automatically declare God as false (a liar) and set themselves up
as His replacement, self-declared gods. That’s Satan’s mentality!
CHAPTER VII OF
THE GENESIS FLOOD – CARBON DATING
p. 331 - First, there are problems in the
accuracy of dating procedures:
1.
Accuracy in measurement procedures is seldom
duplicatable, hence, scientifically unreliable.
2.
Alteration and contamination
of the samples to be measured, both in nature and during human collection and
handling of samples, affects scientific accuracy adversely.
Second, the
whole problem of dating revolves about the BASIC ASSUMPTIONS implicit in all
radioactivity methods of age measurement:
1.
The assumption
that the rate of radiogenic decay has always been the same as at present
(Uniformity theory).
2.
The assumption
that all of the radiogenic isotopes being sampled and dated has been derived
from a parent isotope by the process of uniform radioactive decay.
Both of these assumptions are essential to obtain
meaningful scientific age calculations.
Yet, they both defy scriptural; accounts of a divine Creation and the
catastrophic and universal flood of Noah.
p. 334-340 LEAD AND URANIUM
From the discovery of uranium and lead Isotopes in the 1930's, serious
errors in both analysis and dating were common.
THE PUBLISHED GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE WAS BASED ON DISCORDANT AGES.
Nature provided pure original lead, as well as Uranium and Thorium,
which decay through various isotope stages to become lead. Natural 'weathering (dissolving by 'weak
natural acids, leaching away, escape of gaseous by‑products, etc.) makes it
difficult to identify or obtain samples that are uncontaminated, and which are
of known composition enough to provide reliable samples for measurements. Uranium and Thorium are more common in
igneous rocks, and are rare in the fossiliferous sedimentary formations which are used for age dating.
p. 341 ‑ RUBIDIUM AND POTASSIUM
Sedimentary fossiliferous rocks more commonly contain the alkali
metals Rubidium and Potassium,
especially Potassium.. The decay rate of Rubidium into strontium is not known
precisely, making it questionable for age dating.
Potassium decays by two routes into Calcium and Argon gas. Again,
uncertain decay rates and loss of the Argon gas make age dating unreliable.
9 - 5
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
CONCLUSION ON RADIOACTlVE DATING
AGE
DATING BY RADIOACTIVE MEASUREMENTS ARE NOT AT ALL PRECISE, contrary to common publicity. ERRORS, BOTH IN MAN=S EXPERIMENTAL PROCESSES AS WELL AS HIS BASIC
ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT THE TRUE PHYSICAL PROCESSES (e.g. uniformity theory), RESULT
IN UNRELIABLE CALCULATIONS!
P. 344 ‑ Creation concepts also require some basic
assumptions
1. There 'was an intelligent,
purposeful creation by a creator.
2. All elements were created
simultaneously, including all stages of the
radioactive chain, from unstable parent isotope to final stable element,
such as from Uranium to Lead.
3. The entire universe was
created as a functioning system.
4. 'Decay rates did not begin
until the Fall of Adam. At that point,
decay
and aging began.
5.
Some decay rates can be altered slightly by heat, pressure, and chemical
change.
P. 347 ‑ DlFFERENT TYPES OF DECAY
1.
Alpha Decay ‑ Helium 4 nuclei emitted from
Uranium and Thorium nuclei.
2. Sets Decay ‑ Beta electrons emitted
from nuclei of Rubidium and Potassium.
3.
X‑Rays ‑ Potassium 40 ‑‑‑ to Argon 40.
4.
Fission ‑ Nucleus splits.
It
is not known WHY these reactions occur in nature.
P. 350‑ Cosmic radiation can and does penetrate atoms
to cause changes and decays to occur,
both in the atmosphere and in the earth'' crust.
P. 352 ‑Earth's atmosphere has not always been the
same. During creation, and after the Flood, a less dense thermal‑vapor layer would allow a
much greater amount of cosmic radiation to reach the earth, and thus increase
radioactive decay rates. The external
sources of cosmic radiation may also fluctuate.
Cosmic rays have been detected to penetrate 400 meters below the earth's surface in
modern times.
P. 353 ‑ Van Allen radiation belts around the earth
provide a significant source of external radiation, which could influence radioactive
decay rates on earth.
P.355 ‑ Neither the original Acreation@
amount of radiogenic material, nor the decay rates can be determined. COMPUTATIONS
BASED ON UNIFORMITARIAN ASSUMPTIONS
YIELD AGE ESTIMATES THAT ARE ABSURDLY TOO OLD.
9 - 6
CHRISTIAN
SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
FOUR DATING METHODS
I. Ratio of Lead 206 to Uranium
238.
2. Ratio of Lead 207 to Uranium
235.
S. Ratio of Lead 206 to Lead 207.
4. Ratio of Helium to Uranium.
NO AGE ESTIMATE IS SCIENTIFICALLY
COMPETENT UNLESS AT LEAST TWO OF THE FIRST THREE YIELD THE SAME RESULT, AND CAN BE DUPLICATED
BY INDEPENDENT EXAMINERS!
YET, DISAGREEMENT AND
DISCREPANCIES ARE COMMON.
P. 356 ‑ It Is not possible for any human experimenter
to study or duplicate the Creation
process. Creation is
scientifically unverifiable. Likewise,
the theory of Uniformity is equally unverifiable scientifically.
P.357 ‑ THE TWO GREAT UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES or
THERMODYNAMICS - ENERGY CONSERVATION AND DETERIORATION ‑ TESTIFY CF THE
SCIENTIFIC NECESSITY OF
ORIGINAL CREATION. The true facts of Creation can only
be verified by divine revelation, not science.
P. 259 ‑ ANY RADIOACTIVE AGE CALCULATION WILL BE
INCORRECT, BECAUSE IT IS BASED UPON FALSE ASSUMPTIONS AND UNKNOWN FACTORS.
Neither the initial amount of an element nor the rate of decay are known
accurately. RADIOACTIVE AGE ESTIMATES CANNOT LEGITIMATELY BE USED AS PROOF OF
THE AGE OF ANY PART OF THE EARTH!
THE GEOLOGIC TIME TABLE
p. 362 - Arthur Holmes, one of the originators of the
Geologic Time Table, or Time Scale, stated in 1931 that, “... we have to steer
a difficult course through a maze of data of very variable quality, guided in
some places by atomic weight evidence,
in others by series of accordant ratios, but in far too rainy by a
subjective weighing of probabilities ... only a few points can be fixed with
precision Into the geologic column, and the total assemblage of data is too
confused to permit detailed accuracy ...”
But
despite Holmes' open admission of questionable scientific data to support The Geologic Time Table, he still justifies it with this
amazingly unscientific conclusion, stating, “... it is remarkable how
consistently the most probable ratio for each of the various suites falls into
its proper place and order as judged by geologic age.”
In
other words, a so‑called scientist chooses to accept highly questionable data,
just because it can be imagined to fit into his pre-conceived idea of a
Geologic Time Scale, and furthermore he will reject good data which appears to
conflict with that Time Scale.
9 - 7
CHRISTIAN
SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
P. 363 - Adolph Knopf, editor of the 1957 National
Research Council symposium on geochronology added, “ Not a single one of them ‑ eras, periods, and ages,
let alone zones ‑ has yet been reliably determined." Knopf stated that the accepted Geologic
Time Table is based on only three dates:
1.
60
million years ‑ the age of pitchblende at Central City, Colorado
2. 220 million years ‑ the age of pitchblende at St. Joachimstal , Bohemia
3. 440 million years ‑ age of
the uranium‑bearing shale at Gullhagen, Sweeden.
“ ALL OTHER ABSOLUTE AGES HAVE BEEN DERIVED FROM THESE
THREE RADIOACTIVE TIE POINTS BY INTERPOLATION BASED ON THICKNESS OF STRATA
OR BY REASONED GUESSES."
That’s science?
P. 363 - Genetics can show only micro-mutations
within species as "proof” of historical evolution. No true mutations
exist as evidence. The position of
geology is equally void of evidence.
Geology can point only to rock layers which have been age-dated based on
false assumptions and philosophies of men, despite great contradictions in data
and evidence.
As stated earlier, the Geologic Time
Table is based on three dates derived from “reasoned guesses” of relative
thickness of strata. OF THOSE THREE BASELINE DATES, ONLY ONE WAS DERIVED FROM
RADIOACTIVE DATING (in 1939), AND THAT DATING HAD A 100% VARIATION OF
ERROR!!
In 1936, the sedimentation authority,
Twenhofel, said that estimates of time based on thickness of strata “are hardly
worth the paper they are written on.”
P. 365 - In 1958, Teichert
wrote in the Bulletin of the Geological Society of America that radioactive
datings were mostly derived from igneous rocks and cannot be applied to
sedimentary fossiliferous strata. He
concluded, “At present, no coherent picture of the earth could be built on
the basis of radioactive datings."
P. 368 ‑ ASTRONOMIC AGE
DATING
Other age-dating methods are based on
even flimsier evidence and assumptions than are the erroneous radioactivity
methods, We know nothing about the age of the universe or its origin. All is theory. Our earth's calculations of the speed of
light may be incorrect out in Space.
CARBON DATING
P. 370 ‑ The most accepted
“scientific” method of dating the age of fossils is the Carbon 14 method. This method professes to supply absolute dates
for events the past 30,000 to 40,000 years.
Carbon 14 dating was developed in 1946 by W. F. Libby. Earlier, Mr. Serge Korff was first to
discover the natural process of the formation of Carbon 14. Carbon 14 is created when cosmic ray neutrons
from outer space radiation are captured by nitrogen nuclei to form the
radioactive isotope of carbon, with a mass of 14. This isotope has a half life of 5,500 years,
meaning that it decays by one half in 5,500 years.
9-8
CHRISTIAN
SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
This
Carbon 14 in the earth's atmosphere becomes attached to oxygen to form carbon
dioxide. It is then incorporated into
water bodies and the physical bodies of plants and animals. Theoretically, the percentage of radiocarbon
14 which can be identified among the NORMAL
carbon atoms within a living organism can be measured, to establish a date at
which It stopped living and stopped taking in Carbon 14
P. 371 ‑ But, just as with other age‑dating methods,
there are some basic assumptions required in order for Carbon 14 dating to be
accurate. IT MUST BE ASSUMED
THAT:
1. The
concentration of Carbon 14 in the atmospheric carbon dioxide is always constant.
2. The
amount of cosmic radiation entering the atmosphere has always been constant.
3.
The Carbon 14 rate of decay is now and always has been constant.
4.
Dead organic matter is not and never has been altered by chemical,
biological or other activity.
5.
The concentration of carbon dioxide in both the atmosphere and the
oceans is now and always has been constant.
6. The size and quantity of ocean water on
earth is now and always has been constant.
7.
Both the rate of formation and the rate of decay of Carbon 14 have
always been the same, and in constant equilibrium.
Every one of these assumptions is
highly questionable! And all of these
assumptions are rooted in the theory of uniformity. They defy both the divine Creation and the great
deluge of Noah.
P. 372 ‑ Even Dr. Libby, the
inventor of the Carbon 14 dating system stated, "The first shock Dr.
Arnold and I had was that our advisors informed us that history extended back
only 5,000 years. We had thought
initially that we would be able to get samples all along the curve back to
30,000 years... We learned rather
abruptly that these numbers, these ancient ages, are not known; in fact It is at about the time of the first
dynasty in Egypt that the last historical date of any real certainty has been
established (by Carbon 14)” (W. F.
Libby "Radiocarbon dating,”American
Scientist, Vol. 44, Jan. 1956, p. 107.)
In other words, the only events
for which Carbon 14 dating is even possibly valid are those of known historical
dates since Noah's Flood. Those
seven major assumption. listed above could potentially be valid only for post‑diluvial
dates. FOR ALL EARLIER DATES, THE
BASIC ASSUMPTIONS ARE INVALID, AND THE DATES DERIVED BY THE CARBON 14 METHOD
ARE LIKELY WRONG!
P. 372 ‑ In 1955, the
President of the American Geologic Institute cautioned that ,”In order for a
technique or discipline to be useful in scientific work, its limits must be
known and understood, but the limits of usefulness of the Radiocarbon age
determinations are not yet known or understood.
No one seriously proposes that all the determined dates are without
error . . . and we do not know which dates are in error or by what amounts, or
why." (Charles B. Hunt:
"Radiocarbon Dating in the light of Stratigraphy and Weathering
Processes," Scientific Monthly,
Vol. 81, Nov. 1955, p. 240).
Samples can be contaminated in warm, damp locations. Was the radiocarbon in the sample
original, secondary, intrusive, or
altered in ways other than natural decay?
9 – 10
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS
TESTIFY
Local
Variation, especially in shells, can be highly significant. The problem of
biological alteration of materials in the soil becomes more serious with greater
age. For example: dating a supposedly 10,000-year-old specimen can have a 50%
error in age due to a 25% replacement of the carbon atoms. It only takes a 5% error in age to give a 50%
error in a 40,000 year-old specimen dating. A mere 1% carbon replacement can
cause a dating error of 5,000 years!
P. 373 - When comparing carbon dating with samples of
known age, it has been found that the
activity of radiocarbon in the atmosphere has been
fluctuating since even before the industrial revolution's production of carbon
dioxide from fossil fuels.
P. 375 ‑ Prior to the Flood, the earth's atmosphere
was more universally warm and moist ‑ a global semitropic climate ‑ which
provided greater vegetational coverage, due to the thermal-vapor canopy of the
atmosphere. These factors caused the
amount (or ratio of radiocarbon to ordinary carbon) to be much less than today.
With a dense atmosphere, more of the cosmic neutrons
reacted with Deuterium (heavy hydrogen) to form Tritium, which in turn readily
decays to 3He (an Isotope .of helium).
This accounts for the present heavy concentration of 3He, a
concentration which could not have happened under earth's present
circumstances.
Earth's
present 3He concentration demonstrates that either the earth had a more dense
thermal‑vapor in the past, and/or it has been bombarded with more intense
radiation at some time prior to our modern times. Only creation and/or catastrophism can
explain our atmospheric 3He. The theory of uniformity cannot.
P. 376 - The
amount of Carbon 14 was less before the Flood. Consequently, pre‑diluvian fossils would have
little or no radioactivity, even though only a few thousand years old. This means that ALL RADIOCARBON DATES FOR EVENTS SINCE THE ICE AGE ARE OF
QUESTIONABLE ACCURACY.
The
plants and animals living shortly after the flood would contain much less
radiocarbon
than those living under modern rates of radiocarbon
formation and equilibrium. By falsely assuming that the rate has always been
the same over the ages (uniformity), the carbon dating of Flood‑age fossils
would appear erroneously to give much older ages than they really were. Similarly, all pre‑diluvial fossils would
appear to be dated too old, all because of the false assumptions of
uniformity.
A truly
scientific approach, rather than using false assumptions, confirms the Biblical
account of a recent Creation and universal flood.
P. 379 ‑ METEORIC DUST
According to uniformity, if the earth was 5 billion years old, the
entire earth should be 54feet thick In meteoric dust today ‑ assuming that 14.3
million tons of meteoric dust settles from the atmosphere uniformly each year,
continually. Such dust heavy with nickel, iron, cobalt and other metals, does
not exist on earth.
The
fallacy of trying to age‑date meteorites is equally obvious. For example, by
merely changing the method of calculation from helium to potassium-argon, the
calculated ages of meteorites changes drastically from 60 million to 4,600
million years. Different methods, if
valid, should yield the same age.
The meteorites don’t change age while sitting on the scientists’ table waiting to be age dated.
9 - 11
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
p. 381 ‑ TEKTITES
Glassy
rneteorites (tektites) have been dated younger than the. rock strata in which
they were found. Tektites in
Checkoslovakia are found in Miocene strata, in Texas
- in Eocene strata, in Australia
P. 384 ‑ HELIUM
There is
not enough radioactive helium in the earth's atmosphere to account for the supposed
millions of years age of the earth claimed by the uniformity‑evolution theory.
Neither
has the earth's upper atmosphere been heated up to between 1800 to 2300 degrees
Celsius necessary to cause excess helium to escape earth's atmosphere, to end
up with the small amount of helium content found today.
If
uniformity was true, either the atmosphere would be loaded with helium after
all those millions of years, or earth’s air would have to have been “cooked” to
expel it as a gas, down to present concentrations.
P. 385 - SEA SALT
Assuming
that the ocean originally had no salt (a false assumption), all of its salt would have to have come from
land erosion (also false), and that earth's erosion rate has always been the same
as today (uniformity again), then the maximum age calculation for earth is 50
million years. But this approach
conflicts with actual earth evidences that salt water ocean basins existed in
pre‑Cambrian times (supposedly 500 million to 1.8 billion years).
In 1955,
salt water ocean fish ‑ sharks and sawfish ‑ were found and described living in
a fresh water mountain lake 20 miles inland and 200 feet above sea level in
Dutch New Guinea. Fish can evidently
adapt more easily to a less-salty water than to a saltier fish habitat. But how did they get there?
P. 387 - VOLCANIC WATER
The 1943-52 Mexican Volcano, Paricutin ,
issued vast amounts of Afresh volcanic water, which is water created for the
first time from primary constituents. In
Noah’s Flood, the Bible says the “fountains of the great deep” contributed
water to the Flood.
P. 390 - VOLCANIC ROCK
Volcanic rock and soils constitute a small part of the
earth’s crust of rock and soil. If the earth’s crust developed as uniformity
claims, by consistent rates of volcanism and erosion, no reasonably scientific
calculation could yield an age as old as 4 to 5 billion years. Such an age
assumes only four active volcanoes like Paricutin
(.8 cubic kilometers of ash per year). More realistic assumptions of only
volcanic activity easily reduce the age estimate to to 20 million years.
THE ONLY CERTAIN BASIS OF PREHISTORIC CHRONOLOGY MUST
COME BY WAY OF DIVINE REVELATION. Bible
dating puts the Flood at 2350 B. C. (about 4350 years ago, 1650 after the Fall
of Adam began the counting of mortal time on this earth)
9 - 12
.CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
P. 392 ‑ SEQUOIA GIGANTEA
The giant Sequoia trees and ancient Bristlecone Pines
of California and Washington live in
their original locations, No known plant
is older than these ‑ 4600 years. Why
aren't there any older parent trees, or older snags of parents, or any younger
offspring generations succeeding this one single generation of unusually
ancient plants? Uniformity, please
answer!
P. 393 ‑ CIVILIZATIONS
Things are dated only by men. Their real ages exist, but men must discover
them. No verifiable archaeological datings are known older than about 3000
B. C. The most ancient record‑keeping people known lived in the
agricultural centers of civilization around the Tigris-Euphrates
Rivers , the Nile
River , and other Near
East sites. This
corresponds with the Biblical records of the post‑diluvial spread from
Noah’s Ark.
P. 395-6 - POPULATION STATISTICS
Linguists likewise confirm that languages trace to a
common center of origin in central Europe, from which they radiated: Semitic
(from Noah’s son Shem) in Asia; Hamitic (Ham) in Africa; and Japhetic (Japeth)
in Europe . Ever hear of the Tower of Babel
P. 397-8 - POPULATION STATISTICS
Some
160 years before Darwin
There were about 300 million
people at Christ’s time. Some 700 years later there were still 300 million. In
1650 ‑ 1200 million, and in 1950 2.4 billion. From that growth curve it is
reasonable to interpolate back to Noah's family of eight at about 3300 B. C., just
as the Bible states.
The Bible reports longer life spans (900+ years) before. the Flood, and rapidly
declining ages after the Flood (80 today).
Earth's heavy atmosphere prior to the Flood contributed to long life by
protecting living things from direct, harmful short-wave radiation from outer
space. Radiation retards growth and
shortens life. The new rainbow effect
testified to Noah of the first clear skies after the Flood period, exposing
earth to direct solar and cosmic radiation, and shortening life.
P. 401-3 MUTATIONS
Mutations are harmful alterations of normal organisms, and mutants are less able to
survive. Radiation is the chief
cause of mutations. Mutations are
permanent hereditary changes in the genetic structure of the reproductive
cells.
9 - 13
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS
TESTIFY
Can creatures like man be altered into new life
forms? And can radiation be a cause of
species mutation? The pioneer in genetic
mutation, Dr. H.J. Muller, stated In 1950, “Radiation is in fact the only type
of agent yet known to which human beings are likely to be exposed in quantity
sufficient to cause any
considerable production of mutations in them.”
But
laboratory evidence shows that radiation‑caused mutations are always harmful!
RADIATION EITHER KILLS OR IMPAIRS. A mutation is a random change of an already
highly-organized and smoothly-functioning living body.
MUTATIONS MAKE THE BODY LESS FIT TO SURVIVE. SUCH MUTANTS
DIE OUT, DUE TO LESS ABILITY TO SURVIVE.
SEVERE MUTATIONS CAUSE EARLY DEATH OR STERILITY, CAUSING THE MUTANT GENE
TO BE ELIMINATED FROM THE NORMAL
POPULATION. THE NET RESULT OF
ACCUMULATIVE RANDOM MUTATIONS INBRED INTO A POPULATION IS DETERIORATION OF THE
SPECIES. THAT IS TRUE NATURAL
SELECTION. MUTATIONS CANNOT CREATE NEW SPECIES! THEY ARE EVEN LESS ABLE
TO SURVIVE.
Anybody who ever raised chickens can tell you the
fate of any odd or defective members of the population. The normal, healthy ones peck and chase the
defective individuals until they die. That's natural selection!
True scientists warn of the danger of fatal and
damaging nuclear radiation as a serious threat to living organisms. But the evolutionist theorizes that the same
radiation is the source of all improvements in the earth's genetic evolution,
not only of man, but of all living things.
Do you sense a problem of credibility
between the two?
Which position is based on evidence, and which is theory?
P. 406 ‑ SEDIMENTATION
The present rate of sedimentation varies so widely
that it is impossible to determine an average rate of sedimentation for modern
times, and more impossible to do so for past times. Yet uniformity ass-u-mes sedimentation
rates have always been constant.
P. 409 RIPPLE
MARKS
Well-defined ripple marks have been found at 600 foot
depths on the Pacific Ocean floor. Likewise
deep sea deposits of fresh water diatoms are found far off the African
equatorial roast on the Atlantic floor. Some
ocean floors were once above sea level, and have been sunk several miles
beneath. Does that hint of uniformity or
catastrophism?
P. 412 - SALT DOMES
Uniformity cannot account for huge subterranean domes
of salt found in places around the world.
Catastrophic volcanic activity is more likely the cause.
9 - 14
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
P. 418 ‑ BURIED FORRESTS
The trees are only stumps; there are no limbs, fossil
foliage, or root systems. Uniformity,
explain that!
P.432 ‑ Oil has been called 'black gold"
because of the wealth it can bring in modern times. Where can it be found? How
did it get there? Do geologists know?
Oil has been found in rocks of practically all
geologic ages prior to Pleistocene, and it cannot be easily located by geologic
stratigraphic criteria. Oil is found in pre‑Flood deposits. All oil
deposits are associated with water influence and are organic in origin. Crude oil originates with compaction of
sediments. Vast organic remains were dissolved and changed into petroleum hydrocarbons.
P. 436 - There is no reason to think that these
processes may have required long ages. Even under modern conditions, petroleum
hydrocarbons can be formed rather quickly, as shown in recent sediments
from the Gulf of Mexico . Likewise,
geologically-formed “oil traps"
have been created during post‑deluge Pleistocene times, as demonstrated in California
Petroleum geology has developed independently of
historical geology. The theories of
uniformity and evolution are irrelevant to the actual practice of petroleum
discovery, However, the practice of
petroleum discovery harmonizes well with the Deluge history.
P. 437 ‑ ORES
Commercial ores
of all kinds can be found in rocks of all geologic strata, and are usually
associated with igneous intrusions. Again, uniformitarian historical
geology is of no more value to locate ores than
it is to locate oil.
P. 439 ‑ Present geologic rates and processes
cannot account for the earth's geologic history. THE CONCEPTS OF UNIFORMITY AND EVOLUTION
ARE BANKRUPT THEORIES!
THE BIBLICAL OUTLINE OF EARTH'S HISTORY ACTUALLY
PROVIDES THE ONLY SCIENTIFICALLY-ACCURATE
FRAMEWORK FOR CORRECT AND HARMONIOUS ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT GEOLOGIC REALITY.
9 - 15
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS
TESTIFY
p. 440 ‑ EVOLUTION IS A FALSE RELIGION
Earth's sedimentary formations art largely Deluge‑related. You may ask, “What difference does it make
which theories are correct?" The
difference is significant!
There
are only two competing philosophies or RELIGIONS: GOD-WORSHIP or MAN- WORSHIP. They affect our total existence.
MAN‑WORSHIP
focuses on man as the most important entity.
The evolutionary concept of a nature‑caused world appeals to man's self
pride and vanity at earth’s most advanced life form. Such a self‑centered, egotistical concept
manifests itself in many of man's activities (philosophies, religions, economic
and political systems) from primitive animism to existentialism and atheistic
communism. All of these focus on man and his own works. From earliest history, the conflict has
existed between these two ideologies: theism ‑ vs ‑ atheism (humanism).
P. 441-2 - Darwin ’s philosophical predecessor, M. DeLamarck, and all
of the prominent proponents of the theory of evolution - Darwin
The world's intellectual community seems almost
unanimously committed to this atheistic philosophy. They have completely
rejected true Biblical Christianity in favor of atheistic evolution. It is the backbone of the entire scientific
structure of communist philosophy. Karl
Marx dedicated Das Kapital to Charles Darwin.
At Marx’s funeral, Engels said, "Just as Darwin
P. 444 ‑ This man~centered atheistic philosophy
dominates political thought all over the world. Communism, the United
Nations, secular humanism, and other one‑world government movements all promote
man's own welfare and advancement on a materialistic "scientific
ethic," for the greatest good of the greatest number in the long run (U.S. Forest
Service Motto).
Evolution combines humanistic ethic. with a
mechanistic philosophy. All sciences are universally dominated by and
completely organized in terms of evolutionary concepts It is the very foundation of the entire
educational philosophy. The acknowledged architect of education’s
evolutionary foundation was John Dewey of the University
of Chicago and Columbia University
Man is considered not only the crowning offspring of
evolution, but now its proponent and glorifier.
This enthronement of man forces the dethroning of God, and this
is the true objective of atheistic philosophies. How tragic, for the creature to deny its own
Creator!
9 - 16
CHRISTIAN
SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
P. 447 ‑ Evolution attempts to account for all things,
omitting God. Evolution’s immoral
"morality" assumes that progress and good come from the self‑benefit
of some at the expense or detriment of others. In contrast, Christianity functions on
unselfish sacrifice for the benefit of others.
Evolution is a failure system; it comes from Satan. True Christianity comes from God, and it
works!
DESPITE THE WIDESPREAD ACCEPTANCE OF EVOLUTION, NO
SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE SUPPORTS IT! HOW
INCREDIBLY IRONIC THAT AN UNSCIENTIFIC THEORY ‑ UNPROVEN AND UNPROVABLE - IS PROMOTED
BY THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY AS FACT!
p.448‑ Genetic mutations are proof against
evolution, not for it. Mutations are
harmful, not advantageous or adaptive.
They KILL; they do not produce new, stronger forms. Mutation results in degeneration and
extinction, not new species.
There is no evidence of biological change outside the
narrow genetic limits set by God, the Creator.
All true evidence supports reality, the creation by God of all things,
"each after its own kind."
Paleontology, which purports to show the actual record
of evolutionary change, cannot honestly do so.
Even Paleontology confesses that all species, genera, families, and
all categories above families appear suddenly in the earth’s rock records, and
are not preceded by any known sequences that are gradual, continuous or
transitional. There is no such evidence. The real evidences conform to the real way it
happened, naturally, by divine Creation.
Paleontological research cannot trace the phylogenetic
history of even one single group of modern plants from its beginning to the present. The fossil
records, the genetic mutation mechanisms, and the taxonomic classification systems all confirm clear‑cut
kinds of living organisms with un-bridged gaps between them - just as the
Creation account testifies.
P.451- Evolution hides deceptively and precariously
behind the twin apron strings of THEORY:
1. Enormous periods of time.
2. Uniformity
Divine Creation testifies of sudden, deliberate, intelligent
and purposefully-planned Creation, followed by many equally-sudden changes
and interventions, finally to be
climaxed by a sudden final change yet to come. (Matt. 24:37‑39; Lk. 17:24‑27; Heb. 11:7; I Pet. 3:20;
1 Pet. 2:5 and 3:3-10)
The
divine Creation and Flood are witnessed not only by the natural evidences in
the earth, but by human histories world wide, and by the two celestial laws of
thermodynamics.
WHICH WILL
YOU CHOOSE TO BELIEVE ‑ CREATION OR EVOLUTION?
(II Pet. 3:11, and 17-18)
9 – 17
CHAPTER 10 LDS CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
From THE CREATION, by Frank B. Salisbury, we
glean the valuable information paraphrased here in Chapter 10.
P. 160 ‑ Only a small portion of the Geologic Time
table exists at any one. location. All
methods of age dating apply the principle of uniformitarianism.
P. 162 ‑ Sediments cannot be directly dated by the
radioactive clock.
P. 175 ‑ No one
in science has bothered to look for the evidence of cataclysms on a worldwide
scale.
P. 180 - There
is no way of demonstrating from the fossils alone that any one life form
evolved into another.
P, 207 ‑ Darwin
P. 219 ‑ God hasn't told the whole story, and science hasn't collected all the
data. The facts simply are not all in.
Both sides require faith.
P. 221 ‑ The stratigraphic fossil record has always
been evolution’s most attractive evidence.
P. 223 ‑ After 200 years of careful study, there is no
fossil record of gradual evolution of phyla and divisions of living
creatures! There are no intermediate stages! Complex forms appear suddenly in the record.
The transitional forms simply are not there.
No major group has obvious fossil predecessors!
P.225 - It is
impossible to find rigorous proof that any one fossil was the descendant of any
other. The evolutionary sequences are
merely implied!
P. 226 ‑ In many
locations all over the earth, the cataclysmic origin of fossils is
clearly indicated.
P. 227 ‑ There is no place on earth where all of
the strata of the of the Geologic Time Table lie one on top of the other. The GTT was constructed on the pre-assumption
that evolution occurred, and that organisms began simple and became
increasingly more complex through time.
This is merely self‑ supporting “circular logic,” which is illogical and unscientific!
P. 228 - Numerous examples are known in which simple
(supposedly older) life forms occur on
top of more complex (younger) forms,
with normal contacts between the
sedimentary strata. This reality
defies evolutionary theory. *** If even one stratum or one fossil form
is out of sequence, then the entire
evolutionary theory held by geologists is wrong! No compromise position is possible!
P. 231- Trinil Ape Man, alias Java Man
(Pithicanthropuss erectus), is a proven hoax!
Peking Man, once considered one of the strongest links in man's alleged
evolution, is even more tenuous than Java Man.
P. 233 ‑ THE STORY OF THE EVOLUTION OF MAN IS THE
PRODUCT OF BASICALLY BAD SCIENCE!
10-1
LDS CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
P. 234 ‑ The scientific community has been totally
convinced about an idea that has turned out wrong.
P. 235 ‑ The fossil record is the evolutionists' strongest
argument; yet it does not prove, nor
even strongly support the theory of evolution.
P. 239 ‑ Scientific classification of living
organisms, showing the complexity of their anatomy provides some of the
strongest evidences against evolution.
Evolution predicts a continuous sequence of organisms from the simplest
to the most complex. But science shows that discontinuity is
the over whelming rule in the geologic record.
P. 240- In natural selection, it is unlikely that a particular feature
(such as the eye) would appear more than once during evolution. Yet many types of eyes exist in nature. The whole idea of evolution is completely
disproven if evolution insists upon exact application of natural selection.
*** The reverence which men used to reserve for God is
now bestowed upon assumed chance‑directed processes of nature, based on
unprovable, atheistic assumptions.
P. 245 - In nature, homologous structures need not be
controlled by identical or even related genes, and characters that are
controlled by identical genes need not
be homologous. These observations
destroy the very foundation of the
theory of evolution!
P. 247 - At one tint, evolutionists proudly listed 180
“vestigial organs” which they claimed linked man with the “lower” forms of
life. True science has shrunk that list
to almost zero, as the true functions of these supposed “vestigial organs” are understood.
P. 251 - Molecular biology supports intelligent
Creation.
P. 252 ‑ Minor creature adaptations are a far cry from
producing new phyla, orders, families, and genera from some common
ancestor. So‑called proof of
evolution is in reality reduced to a few micro‑scale adaptations.
P. 253 ‑ It is enormously invalid to believe that
the micro cases of adaptation prove the
macro‑scale adaptations claimed.
P. 251 ‑ It is in the genes that evolutionary changes
are alleged to originate. Yet, even the common genetic molecule called cytochrome
C is too complex to be accounted for mathematically by the theory of
evolution. Not even within the farthest limits of the conceivable expanses
of Space is it mathematically possible!
P. 261- The evolutionist must rely on faith, much
as the Creationist does. But evolutionary
theory has no director. It is purely opportunistic and fortuitous.
P. 262 ‑ The evolutionary process faces impossible
odds at each step, where the environment demanded the evolution of some new
enzyme. Each time, the chances become
vanishingly small. Consider all the
coordinated body parts and intricate chemical react ions that would have to
evolve separately, yet simultaneously.
10 - 2
LDS CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
P. 263 - Molecular biology has given us a deeper
appreciation for the complexity and intricacy of life. Natural selection is inadequate to explain
it. It is incapable of providing it. Variety would not appear often enough. Complexity
is not accounted for by evolution's purely mechanistic, chance‑directed,
atheistic assumptions. Living cells
must divide, multiply, and specialize at precisely the right times and places.
P. 265 ‑ Shakespeare
was not written by letting monkeys randomly pound typewriters. Neither can
intricate enzymes be generated by chance All things testify of an intelligent and
purposeful Creator.
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* *
SCIENCE
AND MORMONISM, by Melvin A. Cook and
M. Garfield Cook is possibly the best LDS source of information on “LDS
viewpoints.” The Cooks present, quote
and compare the positions of all the "big names” among LDS scientists and
theologians.
It becomes obvious that one can "prove" his
own preferred position by quoting those LDS "big names" who favor
that viewpoint. Just as in the rest of society, there are "big names"
among LDS who favor literal Creation, others who favor evolution, and many in
between. In other words, being LDS does not automatically mean you are anti‑evolution.
Mormons appear to be just as diverse in their opinions on this subject as are
members of any other religious group. But, Church Presidents have always
supported Creation.
This reality makes it all the more important for the
LDS individual to exercise his free agency and discover the truth for himself.
As stated in the Foreword of this book, of all people on earth. members of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter‑day Saints have the greatest advantage, and
opportunity, to settle the science‑vs-
religion controversy in their own minds. No other people have access to such a
wealth of information on this subject as do the Latter‑day Saints.
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
*
The rough draft for this publication,
CREATION-VS-EVOLUTION, was begun in 1975.
In late 1999, as I was preparing it at last for printing, I saw a new
book of articles by LDS authors with impressive credentials, both scientific
and ecclesiastic. But I rejected it for detailed study after reading in the
Introduction that the compiler felt that in the case of any conflict between
science and religion, he would favor science.
Soon after, I noticed another new book, EARTH IN THE BEGINNING, by Dr.
Eric N. Skousen (ES). There are many, many books on this topic, each with its
own interpretations and conclusions, of course, like mine. ES discredits organic evolution as the source
of living organisms, yet identifies a possible way in which the ancient fossil
records could be as old as claimed, yet not conflict with Creation and The Fall
of Adam theology. ES’s book challenged
my paradigm, and I am thankful to have found it before finishing my own
effort. It is a valuable addition to
this section.
10 - 3
LDS
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
EARTH IN THE BEGINNING, by Eric N. Skousen, PHD, 1997, Verity Publishing
ES agrees with the “true science” evidences already
presented herein that mortal death began after The Fall of Adam, that
radiogenic dating methods cannot give accurate dates of anything older than the
Fall - about 6000 years ago, that Adam was the first man on earth and the first
mortal “flesh,” and that the earth’s mortal/temporal existence is programmed to
last only about 6000 years (6 God-days) until the 7th God-day, the
Lord’s millennium, that catastrophism (not uniformity) is the main geologic
force.
Where ES opens “eyes to see” is his detailed and
systematic interpretations of the scriptural stages of Creation, supported at
key points by LDS General Authority (GA) statements. His sequence, in brief is:
1.
Organization of intelligence and matter by Gods.
2.
Birth of living spirits (spirit creation), including the living earth,
creatures and God’s own children - all near Kolob.
3.
Three Creation Epochs:
8.
Placing spirit lives on the spirit earth for experience (Moses 2) near
Kolob.
9.
Transplanting of physically-born lives onto the physically-born earth in
a lengthy, preparatory period (Moses 3; Abra. 3-5) near Kolob.
3a. Sanctification of prepared earth (extinction/removal of all preparatory
life) at the 6th-7th Day/Time.
3b. Transplanting
modern, immortal, physical life forms onto the “prepared and sanctified” earth
on the 7th Day/Time - near Kolob.
3c. Fall
of Adam, and the fall of earth from Kolob into solar orbit; initiating
mortality (7th Day/Time).
ES feels that earth strata containing “ancient fossils” are
from the preparatory period (#3.2 above). In other words, ES says there
was death and aging during the preparatory period before the Fall. Then, once earth was cleansed and sanctified
of all preparatory life (by extinction or removal), the “modern”
physical life forms for which God originally intended to occupy earth during
mortality were transplanted here as immortal/Terrestrial beings, with no death
until the Fall.
This is how ES accommodates the abundance of scientific
evidences of ancient life forms found in earth’s rock record. None of these ancient, preparatory
forms, however, are ancestors of the “modern” forms. In fact, all life forms are individual
creations, incapable of replicating outside the orderly, genetic limits of
their own kind. All were transplanted to earth from sources on other planets.
According to ES, EVOLUTION
IS FALSE, because:
4.
Science doesn’t support it; there is no geologic record of any
ancestral origin or transition stages from ancient forms to modern forms, nor
within any ancient or modern forms. No
“missing link” or transition forms exist in the scientific, geologic evidence.
5.
All life is created/born/organized by intelligent God-Creators.
Development of life by accumulative accident is irrational, illogical and
unscientific. All scientific evidence
displays order, control and similarities.
6.
Earth and the “inorganic” elements are all living intelligences. Earths, planets, stars, moons and all
physical objects in all galaxies of space are NOT merely the result of
accidental, natural forces of the universe. Intelligent and purposeful Gods
control and use the natural laws to organize/create all matter, for the
ultimate purpose of developing and perfecting Gods’ offspring into Gods, like
their parents. It is a sophisticated, intelligent and stringent process.
10-4
LDS
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
7.
”Time” is irrelevant and unmeasurable in the
geologic evidence. ES’s Geologic Column (formerly called the Geologic Time
Table) classifies rock strata from oldest to youngest, but does not assign any
ages. Age dating anything older than the Fall (6000 years) is not
scientifically possible with available technology, because of all the unknowns
of the geologic process.
ES’s book expands one’s
paradigm of Gods’ creation sequence, and also accommodates the known fossil
evidence. Since the fossil record is obviously
real, it must be explained somehow, and ES feels the answer is in the preparatory
period described above. His interpretation also explains the doctrinal
problem of “no death until after the Fall,” and reaffirms that modern life did
not descend from those ancient forms. Those preparatory forms lived, and
then either died out (extinction), or were removed before the earth was
sanctified for modern forms, including Adam and Eve. Consequently, there were
no “pre-Adam men,” only a rare few preparatory hominids. But there is no scriptural hint of such a
“preparatory period.”
1. In spite of ES’s careful
discussion points, I still struggle with the seeming inconsistency in whether
the physical earth of ES’s 2nd Creation Epoch was placed promptly
into solar orbit after its birth, or kept near Kolob. ES says earth wasn’t put into solar orbit
until after the Fall. My problem with this view is that our earth needed a
day-night environment, and Kolob’s neighborhood is in the galactic center where
there is constant light and no night. Our solar system, however, is an
experienced “jig” designed to process probationary earths like ours, and has
all of the day/night, warmth, tide-pull conditions necessary for the scheduled preparatory
life period ES describes. I grant God
the ability to make necessary adjustments in solar orbits to supply the
slightly warmer and brighter conditions, which ES says were present during the preparatory
period, and then to “fine tune” it again for the modern life period - first
paradisiacal, and then mortal earth.
2. ES also discounts the
concept of a rainbow-free thick vapor atmosphere prior to Noah’s Flood. It still seems plausible to me, as described
elsewhere in this text, although I agree that the moisture-rich atmosphere was
not the major source of the deluge waters. The lack of UV light screened out by
a thick atmosphere could well explain the longevity question of Adam and his
pre-diluvian posterity. Having a moisture-dense atmosphere does not imply that
there was no sunlight or night/day conditions.
3. My third area of struggle
is with ES’s view that the earth’s original, single land mass of “Pangaea”
was “divided” by the Pacific Ocean, not the Atlantic Ocean .
After such detailed documentation on other points in his text, this undocumented
opinion shocks me. The subsequently “divided” Western Hemisphere obviously
matches Europe and Africa on the Atlantic
side. This is the least acceptable of all of ES’s points.
My major paradigm shock is
accepting the preparatory period at all, with its death and decay, and
“millions of years” dating. If time and
decay were operational during a preparatory period, but irrelevant then,
how can those ages from that period now be somehow “counted” by modern dating
to be in the millions of years? Yet, ES’s quote (p.313) from LDS GA’s is
stunning - that concepts of “no death before the Fall” is not an official
doctrine of the Church ),J.E. Talmadge 4-7-1931.This is what opens the door of
possibility for ES’s preparatory period scenario, to fill the geologic
rock records as modern scientists now identify them.
In brief, ES’s position
changes the doctrinal viewpoint from one of “No death before the Fall” to “No
death during the Garden of Eden period, until after the Fall.” That is a significant difference. The rock record is there. It has to fit
somehow, and ES’ view fills that awkward and disputed void.
10-5
LDS CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
If evolution’s detestable “millions of years” ages can now be tolerably
explained and accepted as having
occurred in a preparatory period, as ES proposes (before the Fall
only), then those fossil ages don’t conflict with either the scriptural
doctrine of “6000 years of earth’s mortal existence (since the Fall)” or
the “No death until after the Fall” doctrine.
By satisfying both of those two major conflicts, ES relieves most of the
perpetual stress between science and religion, and at the same time maintains
two other sacred positions -
1. That
modern life (especially man) is NOT descended from any ancient forms (certainly
not lower forms), and
2. That
evolution theory is still verifiably as scientifically bankrupt and atheistic
as religion has always claimed it is.
10
- 6
CHAPTER 10 LDS
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
From THE CREATION, by Frank B. Salisbury, we
glean the valuable information paraphrased here in Chapter 10.
P. 160 ‑ Only a small portion of the Geologic Time
table exists at any one. location. All
methods of age dating apply the principle of uniformitarianism.
P. 162 ‑ Sediments cannot be directly dated by the
radioactive clock.
P. 175 ‑ No one
in science has bothered to look for the evidence of cataclysms on a worldwide
scale.
P. 180 - There
is no way of demonstrating from the fossils alone that any one life form
evolved into another.
P, 207 ‑ Darwin
P. 219 ‑ God hasn't told the whole story, and science hasn't collected all the
data. The facts simply are not all in.
Both sides require faith.
P. 221 ‑ The stratigraphic fossil record has always
been evolution’s most attractive evidence.
P. 223 ‑ After 200 years of careful study, there is no
fossil record of gradual evolution of phyla and divisions of living creatures! There are no
intermediate stages! Complex
forms appear suddenly in the record. The transitional forms simply are not
there. No major group has obvious fossil
predecessors!
P.225 - It is
impossible to find rigorous proof that any one fossil was the descendant of any
other. The evolutionary sequences are
merely implied!
P. 226 ‑ In many
locations all over the earth, the cataclysmic origin of fossils is
clearly indicated.
P. 227 ‑ There is no place on earth where all of the
strata of the of the Geologic Time Table lie one on top of the other. The GTT was constructed on the pre-assumption
that evolution occurred, and that organisms began simple and became
increasingly more complex through time.
This is merely self‑ supporting “circular logic,” which is illogical and unscientific!
P. 228 - Numerous examples are known in which simple
(supposedly older) life forms occur on
top of more complex (younger) forms,
with normal contacts between the
sedimentary strata. This reality
defies evolutionary theory. *** If even one stratum or one fossil form
is out of sequence, then the entire
evolutionary theory held by geologists is wrong! No compromise position is possible!
P. 231- Trinil Ape Man, alias Java Man
(Pithicanthropuss erectus), is a proven hoax!
Peking Man, once considered one of the strongest links in man's alleged
evolution, is even more tenuous than Java Man.
P. 233 ‑ THE STORY OF THE EVOLUTION OF MAN IS THE
PRODUCT OF BASICALLY BAD SCIENCE!
10-1
LDS CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
P. 234 ‑ The scientific community has been totally
convinced about an idea that has turned out wrong.
P. 235 ‑ The fossil record is the evolutionists'
strongest argument; yet it does not
prove, nor even strongly support the theory of evolution.
P. 239 ‑ Scientific classification of living
organisms, showing the complexity of their anatomy provides some of the
strongest evidences against evolution.
Evolution predicts a continuous sequence of organisms from the simplest
to the most complex. But science shows that discontinuity is
the over whelming rule in the geologic record.
P. 240- In natural selection, it is unlikely that a particular feature
(such as the eye) would appear more than once during evolution. Yet many types of eyes exist in nature. The whole idea of evolution is completely
disproven if evolution insists upon exact application of natural selection.
*** The reverence which men used to reserve for God is
now bestowed upon assumed chance‑directed processes of nature, based on
unprovable, atheistic assumptions.
P. 245 - In nature, homologous structures need not be
controlled by identical or even related genes, and characters that are
controlled by identical genes need not
be homologous. These observations
destroy the very foundation of the
theory of evolution!
P. 247 - At one tint, evolutionists proudly listed 180
“vestigial organs” which they claimed linked man with the “lower” forms of life. True science has shrunk that list to almost
zero, as the true functions of these supposed
“vestigial organs” are understood.
P. 251 - Molecular biology supports intelligent
Creation.
P. 252 ‑ Minor creature adaptations are a far cry from
producing new phyla, orders, families, and genera from some common
ancestor. So‑called proof of
evolution is in reality reduced to a few micro‑scale adaptations.
P. 253 ‑ It is enormously invalid to believe that
the micro cases of adaptation prove the
macro‑scale adaptations claimed.
P. 251 ‑ It is in the genes that evolutionary changes
are alleged to originate. Yet, even the common genetic molecule called cytochrome
C is too complex to be accounted for mathematically by the theory of evolution.
Not even within the farthest limits of the conceivable expanses of Space is it
mathematically possible!
P. 261- The evolutionist must rely on faith, much
as the Creationist does. But
evolutionary theory has no director. It is purely opportunistic and fortuitous.
P. 262 ‑ The evolutionary process faces impossible
odds at each step, where the environment demanded the evolution of some new
enzyme. Each time, the chances become
vanishingly small. Consider all the
coordinated body parts and intricate chemical react ions that would have to
evolve separately, yet simultaneously.
10 - 2
LDS CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
P. 263 - Molecular biology has given us a deeper
appreciation for the complexity and intricacy of life. Natural selection is inadequate to explain
it. It is incapable of providing it. Variety would not appear often enough. Complexity
is not accounted for by evolution's purely mechanistic, chance‑directed,
atheistic assumptions. Living cells
must divide, multiply, and specialize at precisely the right times and places.
P. 265 ‑ Shakespeare
was not written by letting monkeys randomly pound typewriters. Neither can
intricate enzymes be generated by chance All things testify of an intelligent and
purposeful Creator.
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* *
SCIENCE
AND MORMONISM, by Melvin A. Cook and
M. Garfield Cook is possibly the best LDS source of information on “LDS
viewpoints.” The Cooks present, quote
and compare the positions of all the "big names” among LDS scientists and
theologians.
It becomes obvious that one can "prove" his
own preferred position by quoting those LDS "big names" who favor
that viewpoint. Just as in the rest of society, there are "big names"
among LDS who favor literal Creation, others who favor evolution, and many in
between. In other words, being LDS does not automatically mean you are anti‑evolution.
Mormons appear to be just as diverse in their opinions on this subject as are
members of any other religious group. But, Church Presidents have always
supported Creation.
This reality makes it all the more important for the
LDS individual to exercise his free agency and discover the truth for himself.
As stated in the Foreword of this book, of all people on earth. members of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter‑day Saints have the greatest advantage, and
opportunity, to settle the science‑vs-
religion controversy in their own minds. No other people have access to such a
wealth of information on this subject as do the Latter‑day Saints.
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * * * *
* *
The rough draft for this publication,
CREATION-VS-EVOLUTION, was begun in 1975.
In late 1999, as I was preparing it at last for printing, I saw a new
book of articles by LDS authors with impressive credentials, both scientific
and ecclesiastic. But I rejected it for detailed study after reading in the
Introduction that the compiler felt that in the case of any conflict between
science and religion, he would favor science.
Soon after, I noticed another new book, EARTH IN THE BEGINNING, by Dr.
Eric N. Skousen (ES). There are many, many books on this topic, each with its
own interpretations and conclusions, of course, like mine. ES discredits organic evolution as the source
of living organisms, yet identifies a possible way in which the ancient fossil
records could be as old as claimed, yet not conflict with Creation and The Fall
of Adam theology. ES’s book challenged
my paradigm, and I am thankful to have found it before finishing my own
effort. It is a valuable addition to
this section.
10 - 3
LDS
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
EARTH IN THE BEGINNING, by Eric N. Skousen, PHD, 1997, Verity Publishing
ES agrees with the “true science” evidences already
presented herein that mortal death began after The Fall of Adam, that
radiogenic dating methods cannot give accurate dates of anything older than the
Fall - about 6000 years ago, that Adam was the first man on earth and the first
mortal “flesh,” and that the earth’s mortal/temporal existence is programmed to
last only about 6000 years (6 God-days) until the 7th God-day, the
Lord’s millennium, that catastrophism (not uniformity) is the main geologic
force.
Where ES opens “eyes to see” is his detailed and
systematic interpretations of the scriptural stages of Creation, supported at
key points by LDS General Authority (GA) statements. His sequence, in brief is:
1.
Organization of intelligence and matter by Gods.
2.
Birth of living spirits (spirit creation), including the living earth,
creatures and God’s own children - all near Kolob.
3.
Three Creation Epochs:
1.
Placing spirit lives on the spirit earth for experience (Moses 2) near
Kolob.
2.
Transplanting of physically-born lives onto the physically-born earth
in a lengthy, preparatory period (Moses 3; Abra. 3-5) near Kolob.
3a. Sanctification of prepared earth (extinction/removal of all preparatory
life) at the 6th-7th Day/Time.
3b. Transplanting
modern, immortal, physical life forms onto the “prepared and sanctified” earth
on the 7th Day/Time - near Kolob.
3c. Fall
of Adam, and the fall of earth from Kolob into solar orbit; initiating
mortality (7th Day/Time).
ES feels that earth strata containing “ancient fossils” are
from the preparatory period (#3.2 above). In other words, ES says there
was death and aging during the preparatory period before the Fall. Then, once earth was cleansed and sanctified
of all preparatory life (by extinction or removal), the “modern”
physical life forms for which God originally intended to occupy earth during
mortality were transplanted here as immortal/Terrestrial beings, with no death
until the Fall.
This is how ES accommodates the abundance of scientific
evidences of ancient life forms found in earth’s rock record. None of these ancient, preparatory
forms, however, are ancestors of the “modern” forms. In fact, all life forms are individual
creations, incapable of replicating outside the orderly, genetic limits of
their own kind. All were transplanted to earth from sources on other planets.
According to ES, EVOLUTION
IS FALSE, because:
1.
Science doesn’t support it; there is no geologic record of any
ancestral origin or transition stages from ancient forms to modern forms, nor
within any ancient or modern forms. No
“missing link” or transition forms exist in the scientific, geologic evidence.
2.
All life is created/born/organized by intelligent God-Creators.
Development of life by accumulative accident is irrational, illogical and
unscientific. All scientific evidence
displays order, control and similarities.
3.
Earth and the “inorganic” elements are all living intelligences. Earths, planets, stars, moons and all
physical objects in all galaxies of space are NOT merely the result of
accidental, natural forces of the universe. Intelligent and purposeful Gods
control and use the natural laws to organize/create all matter, for the
ultimate purpose of developing and perfecting Gods’ offspring into Gods, like
their parents. It is a sophisticated, intelligent and stringent process.
10-4
LDS
CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
4.
”Time” is irrelevant and unmeasurable in the
geologic evidence. ES’s Geologic Column (formerly called the Geologic Time
Table) classifies rock strata from oldest to youngest, but does not assign any
ages. Age dating anything older than the Fall (6000 years) is not
scientifically possible with available technology, because of all the unknowns
of the geologic process.
ES’s book expands one’s
paradigm of Gods’ creation sequence, and also accommodates the known fossil
evidence. Since the fossil record is obviously
real, it must be explained somehow, and ES feels the answer is in the preparatory
period described above. His interpretation also explains the doctrinal
problem of “no death until after the Fall,” and reaffirms that modern life did
not descend from those ancient forms. Those preparatory forms lived, and
then either died out (extinction), or were removed before the earth was
sanctified for modern forms, including Adam and Eve. Consequently, there were
no “pre-Adam men,” only a rare few preparatory hominids. But there is no scriptural hint of such a
“preparatory period.”
1. In spite of ES’s careful
discussion points, I still struggle with the seeming inconsistency in whether
the physical earth of ES’s 2nd Creation Epoch was placed promptly
into solar orbit after its birth, or kept near Kolob. ES says earth wasn’t put into solar orbit
until after the Fall. My problem with this view is that our earth needed a
day-night environment, and Kolob’s neighborhood is in the galactic center where
there is constant light and no night. Our solar system, however, is an
experienced “jig” designed to process probationary earths like ours, and has
all of the day/night, warmth, tide-pull conditions necessary for the scheduled preparatory
life period ES describes. I grant God
the ability to make necessary adjustments in solar orbits to supply the
slightly warmer and brighter conditions, which ES says were present during the preparatory
period, and then to “fine tune” it again for the modern life period - first
paradisiacal, and then mortal earth.
2. ES also discounts the
concept of a rainbow-free thick vapor atmosphere prior to Noah’s Flood. It still seems plausible to me, as described
elsewhere in this text, although I agree that the moisture-rich atmosphere was
not the major source of the deluge waters. The lack of UV light screened out by
a thick atmosphere could well explain the longevity question of Adam and his
pre-diluvian posterity. Having a moisture-dense atmosphere does not imply that
there was no sunlight or night/day conditions.
3. My third area of struggle
is with ES’s view that the earth’s original, single land mass of “Pangaea”
was “divided” by the Pacific Ocean, not the Atlantic Ocean .
After such detailed documentation on other points in his text, this undocumented
opinion shocks me. The subsequently “divided” Western Hemisphere obviously
matches Europe and Africa on the Atlantic
side. This is the least acceptable of all of ES’s points.
My major paradigm shock is
accepting the preparatory period at all, with its death and decay, and
“millions of years” dating. If time and
decay were operational during a preparatory period, but irrelevant then,
how can those ages from that period now be somehow “counted” by modern dating
to be in the millions of years? Yet, ES’s quote (p.313) from LDS GA’s is
stunning - that concepts of “no death before the Fall” is not an official
doctrine of the Church ),J.E. Talmadge 4-7-1931.This is what opens the door of
possibility for ES’s preparatory period scenario, to fill the geologic
rock records as modern scientists now identify them.
In brief, ES’s position
changes the doctrinal viewpoint from one of “No death before the Fall” to “No
death during the Garden of Eden period, until after the Fall.” That is a significant difference. The rock record is there. It has to fit
somehow, and ES’ view fills that awkward and disputed void.
10-5
LDS CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
If evolution’s detestable “millions of years” ages can now be tolerably
explained and accepted as having
occurred in a preparatory period, as ES proposes (before the Fall
only), then those fossil ages don’t conflict with either the scriptural
doctrine of “6000 years of earth’s mortal existence (since the Fall)” or
the “No death until after the Fall” doctrine.
By satisfying both of those two major conflicts, ES relieves most of the
perpetual stress between science and religion, and at the same time maintains
two other sacred positions -
1. That
modern life (especially man) is NOT descended from any ancient forms (certainly
not lower forms), and
2. That
evolution theory is still verifiably as scientifically bankrupt and atheistic
as religion has always claimed it is.
10-6
APPENDIX
CREATIONISTS' BOOKS - Available from PRESBYTERIAN & REFORMED
(P&R) PUBLISHING CO., P.0. Box 817 , PHILLIPSBURG JERSEY 08865‑0817
THE
GENESIS FLOOD, by John C. Whitcomb, Jr. and Henry Morris
EVOLUTION AND THE MODERN CHRISTIAN,
by Henry M. Morris
THE
TWlLIGHT OF EVOLUTION, by Henry M.
Morris
STUDIES IN THE BIBLE AND SCIENCE,
by Henry H Morris
BIBLICAL COSMOLOGY AND MODERN SCIENCE,
by Henry H. Morris
THE
ORIGIN OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM, by John C.
Whitcomb
WHY
SCIENTISTS ACCEPT EVOLUTION, by Robert T. Clark and James D. Bales
THE
PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AND BELIEF IN GOD,
by Gordon H. Clark
EVOLUTION AND CHRISTIAN FAITH, by
Bolton Davidheiser
SCIENCE AND THE BIBLE, by Bolton Davidheiser
SCIENTIFIC STUDIES IN SPECIAL CREATION,
by Walter E. Lammerts
WHY NOT CREATION? by Walter E. Lammerts
CHRISTIANITY AND THE PROBLEM OF ORIGINS,
by Philip E. Hughes
A
CHRISTIAN VIEW OF MODERN SCIENCE, by
Robert L. Reymond
THE MYTHOLOGY OF SCIENCE, by Rousas J. Rushdoony
FLAWS IN THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION,
by Evan Shute
EVOLUTION AND THE REFORMATION OF BIOLOGY, by E. L. Hebden Taylor
STUDIES IN GENESIS ONE, by Edward
J. Young
THE
EARLY EARTH, by John C. Whitcomb, Jr.
THE
BIBLICAL FLOOD AND THE ICE EPOCH, by
Donald W. Patton
THE
EVIDENCE OF GOD IN AN EXPANDING UNIVERSE, by John C. Monsma
A‑I
APPENDIX
Some key CREATION scripture references:
Bible: Gen
1: 1, 26-27
Ps
90:4
I
Cor 1:25-27; 2:14; 3:19-20
I
Tim 3:7-8; 4: 3; 6:20-21
II
Pet 2:1-2; 3:3-9
Rev
20:2-4
BoM I Ne
13:26
II
Ne 29:3-10; 9:19-20
Alma 30:44
PGP Mos ch 1-7: 1:8, 25-39; ch2; 3:1-7;
4:1-4; 7:30
Ab 1:31; 3:4-10
D&C 88:25,
36-38, 42-45, 77-80
90:15
109:7,
14
121:12,
31
TOPICAL GUIDE TOPICS:
CREATION; EARTH; JESUS CHRIST-CREATOR; MAN; TIME;
THOUSAND.
In addition to the Bible, Book of Mormon, Pearl of
Great Price and the Doctrine And Covenants,
you will
find exciting material in other books and tapes by LDS authors, some of which
are listed below:
Book or Tape Author
Man,
His Origin and Destiny Joseph
Fielding Smith
Doctrines of Salvation Joseph
Fielding Smith
Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith Joseph
Fielding smith
Mormon
Doctrine Bruce
R. McConkie
Discourses
of Brigham Young John
A. Widtsoe
The
First Two Thousand Years W.
Cleon Skousen
Introduction To the Dead Sea
Scrolls (tapes) Inar Erickson
The
Creation Frank B. Salisbury
Science
And Mormonism Melvin A. Cook and M. Garfield
Cook
Earth In The Beginning Eric
N. Skousen
ALSO
Worlds In Collision Immanuel
Velikovsky
Earth In Upheaval Immanuel
Velikovsky
A - 2
APPENDIX
About The Author
Robert L. Webster is a High Priest in the Second Ward
of the M. Timpanogos Stake, Pleasant
Grove , Utah
Since joining the LDS
Church as a convert at age 21 in Billings , Montana ,
brother Webster has studied at BYU and served a 30-month mission in Uruguay South America , from 1959 to 1961. Following
his return, he met Donna Joy Jolley of Salt Lake city
on April sixth at Temple Logan ,
Utah Temple Utah State
University
Bob worked as professional Forester for the U.S.
Forest Service in the Intermountain Region for thirteen years, before entering
private business in 1977. His
occupational experiences include public relations, advertising and sales, radio
and TV broadcasting, manufacturing, medical sales representative, warehousing,
custodian, and Environmental Health Scientist - particularly food safety.
Bob and Dona are the parents of three daughters and
six sons, born in Utah and Idaho
Among his varied hobbies of sports, gardening and out
doors activities, his most keen interests are what he calls his CCCP . . .
Christianity, Constitution, Creation and Poetry. He has written several
pamphlets on Christianity, authored many radio and paper articles on the U.S.
Constitution, rewrites song lyrics to popular music, writes the annual family
Christmas Poem, writes and narrates audio-visual program scripts, translates
documents into Spanish, has authored an 18-page Book of Mormon Geography and a
95-page manuscript on Creation-vs-Evolution. His hobbies include 7 G’s
(alphabetically): Gardening, Geography (Book of Mormon), Genealogy, Golf,
Gospel study, Government (Constitutional) and Grandkids.
As a student of the both the gospel and science,
brother Webster has a fierce desire to spread truth and squelch falsehood. His
college classes exposed him to the distasteful concepts of evolution theory. He
knew there had to be errors, flaws and deceptions in the Geologic Time Table’s
age dating scheme, but no one in his college courses ever explained the origin
or formulas used behind the “millions of years” ages being taught. Then, during a personal six-year search,
information came into his possession to confirm the truth that both true
science and true religion verify Creation by a divine Creator, and verify the
falsehood of the atheistic theory of evolution. The evidences he presents in
this work are the “tip of the iceberg” to those willing to study it in its
abundance.
A - 3
CREATION
VS
EVOLUTION
by Robert L. Webster
FOREWORD
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1
WHAT IS TRUTH
CHAPTER 2
CREATION
ORIGIN OF THE
EARTH
CHAPTER 3
PRE-EARTH LIFE
THE BIG PICTURE
CHAPTER 4
HOW OLD IS
THE EARTH ?
CHAPTER 5
PRINCIPLES COMPARED
CHAPTER 6
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
CHAPTER 7
STATEMENTS
BY LDS
CHURCH LEADERS
AND
MISSING LINKS
CHAPTER 8
EVIDENCES
IGNORED
CHAPTER 9
CHRISTIAN
SCIENTISTS
TESTIFY
CHAPTER 10
LDS
CHRISTIAN
SCIENTISTS TESTIFY
APPENDIX
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